Jiayuan Guo
2026
Lost in Decomposition: Analyzing and Mitigating the Limitations of Long Context Methods via Context Dependency
Jiayuan Guo | Yueyang Su | Yuyao Ge | Saiping Guan | Lei Yu | Jiafeng Guo | Xueqi Cheng
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026
Jiayuan Guo | Yueyang Su | Yuyao Ge | Saiping Guan | Lei Yu | Jiafeng Guo | Xueqi Cheng
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026
Long context large language models exhibit the “lost in the middle” problem, where models struggle to effectively utilize information located in the middle of long contexts. Although existing workflow-based long context methods (e.g., RAG) alleviate this problem and perform well on specific datasets, can their effectiveness generalize to all types of datasets? In this work, we systematically investigate the cross-dataset generalization of long context methods. Our evaluation reveals that these methods are not universally effective. Such substantial performance variability underscores the risks of performance degradation associated with the indiscriminate application of long context methods. We investigated the reason for the failure of long context methods. We found that the intrinsic decomposition mechanisms of long context methods hinder context dependency modeling, causing these methods to suffer performance declines on documents with strong context dependency. To address this issue, We propose CoDaR (**Co**ntext **D**ependency-**a**ware **R**outing), a training-free adaptive routing strategy. By analyzing the context dependency strength of documents, CoDaR adaptively invokes long context methods, thereby significantly enhancing their overall robustness across different types of datasets.