Emanuel Sallinger
2026
Linear-Time and Constant-Memory Text Embeddings Based on Recurrent Language Models
Tobias Grantner | Emanuel Sallinger | Martin Flechl
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Tobias Grantner | Emanuel Sallinger | Martin Flechl
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Transformer-based embedding models suffer from quadratic computational and linear memory complexity, limiting their utility for long sequences. We propose recurrent architectures as an efficient alternative, introducing a vertically chunked inference strategy that enables fast embedding generation with memory usage that becomes constant in the input length once it exceeds the vertical chunk size. By fine-tuning Mamba2 models, we demonstrate their viability as general-purpose text embedders, achieving competitive performance across a range of benchmarks while maintaining a substantially smaller memory footprint compared to transformer-based counterparts. We empirically validate the applicability of our inference strategy to Mamba2, RWKV, and xLSTM models, confirming consistent runtime-memory trade-offs across architectures and establishing recurrent models as a compelling alternative to transformers for efficient embedding generation.
2024
SpeedE: Euclidean Geometric Knowledge Graph Embedding Strikes Back
Aleksandar Pavlović | Emanuel Sallinger
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: NAACL 2024
Aleksandar Pavlović | Emanuel Sallinger
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: NAACL 2024
Geometric knowledge graph embedding models (gKGEs) have shown great potential for knowledge graph completion (KGC), i.e., automatically predicting missing triples. However, contemporary gKGEs require high embedding dimensionalities or complex embedding spaces for good KGC performance, drastically limiting their space and time efficiency. Facing these challenges, we propose SpeedE, a lightweight Euclidean gKGE that (1) provides strong inference capabilities, (2) is competitive with state-of-the-art gKGEs, even significantly outperforming them on YAGO3-10 and WN18RR, and (3) dramatically increases their efficiency, in particular, needing solely a fifth of the training time and a fourth of the parameters of the state-of-the-art ExpressivE model on WN18RR to reach the same KGC performance.