Dongdong Yang
2026
DMN: A Compositional Framework for Jailbreaking Multimodal LLMs with Multi-Image Inputs
Wenzhuo Xu | Zhipeng Wei | Zonghao Ying | Deyue Zhang | Dongdong Yang | Xiangzheng Zhang | Quanchen Zou
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Wenzhuo Xu | Zhipeng Wei | Zonghao Ying | Deyue Zhang | Dongdong Yang | Xiangzheng Zhang | Quanchen Zou
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, which can elicit harmful responses from MLLMs. Many MLLMs support multi-image inputs, inadvertently introducing new vulnerabilities due to less efforts on multi-image safety alignment. Previous MLLM jailbreak methods only uses a single image, which restricts the attack space: they cannot distribute harmful requests across multiple images, carry abundant information, or exploit additional visual reasoning tasks to distract MLLMs. To address these limitations, in this paper, we propose a compositional jailbreak framework, DMN, which leverages Distributed instruction, Multimodal evidence and a Number chain task to fully enhance the jailbreak performance. Extensive experiments show that DMN is highly effective for MLLM jailbreaking, e.g. achieving attack success rates of over 90% on GPT-4o, Gemini-2.5-pro and Claude Sonnet 4, surpassing other baselines by a large margin. This compositional, multi-image jailbreak strategy reveals fundamental weaknesses in their safety mechanisms.