@inproceedings{gupta-etal-2026-words,
    title = "Words that make {SENSE}: Sensorimotor Norms in Learned Lexical Token Representations",
    author = "Gupta, Abhinav  and
      Mintz, Toben  and
      Thomason, Jesse",
    editor = "Liakata, Maria  and
      Moreira, Viviane P.  and
      Zhang, Jiajun  and
      Jurgens, David",
    booktitle = "Findings of the {A}ssociation for {C}omputational {L}inguistics: {ACL} 2026",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, United States",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.findings-acl.2038/",
    pages = "41021--41029",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-395-1",
    abstract = "While word embeddings derive meaning from co-occurrence patterns, human language understanding is grounded in sensory and motor experience. We present $\mathit{SENSE}$ ($\textbf{S}$ensorimotor $\textbf{E}$mbedding $\textbf{N}$orm $\textbf{S}$coring $\textbf{E}$ngine), a learned projection model that predicts Lancaster sensorimotor norms from word lexical embeddings. We also conducted a behavioral study where 281 participants selected which among candidate nonce words evoked specific sensorimotor associations, finding statistically significant correlations between human selection rates and $\mathit{SENSE}$ ratings across 6 of the 11 modalities. Sublexical analysis of these nonce word selection rates revealed systematic phonesthemic patterns for the interoceptive norm, suggesting a path towards computationally proposing candidate phonesthemes from text data."
}