Applicability Condition Extraction for Therapeutic Drug-Disease Relations

Guanting Luo, Noriki Nishida, Yuji Matsumoto, Yuki Arase


Abstract
Identifying conditions that a certain drug takes therapeutic effect on a target disease is crucial for clinical decision-making support. However, most existing biomedical information extraction methods have focused on identifying only relations between drugs and diseases, while largely overlooking the context-specific conditions where such relations can apply. To address this problem, we introduce the task of applicability condition extraction for therapeutic drug–disease relations from biomedical research literature. We create the first dataset that has manually annotated triples of drugs, diseases, and applicability conditions on biomedical paper abstracts with 1,119 drug-disease pairs. Using this dataset, we systematically evaluate the performance of a range of existing methods. In addition, we propose a new method that enhances LoRA to consider relations between drugs and diseases. Our method consistently outperforms strong baselines across different evaluation settings.
Anthology ID:
2026.findings-acl.154
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026
Month:
July
Year:
2026
Address:
San Diego, California, United States
Editors:
Maria Liakata, Viviane P. Moreira, Jiajun Zhang, David Jurgens
Venue:
Findings
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Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
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Pages:
3135–3148
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URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.findings-acl.154/
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Cite (ACL):
Guanting Luo, Noriki Nishida, Yuji Matsumoto, and Yuki Arase. 2026. Applicability Condition Extraction for Therapeutic Drug-Disease Relations. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026, pages 3135–3148, San Diego, California, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Applicability Condition Extraction for Therapeutic Drug-Disease Relations (Luo et al., Findings 2026)
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https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.findings-acl.154.pdf
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