JudgeMeNot: Personalizing Large Language Models to Emulate Judicial Reasoning in Hebrew

Itay Razumenko, Arnon Sturm, Nir Grinberg


Abstract
Despite significant advances in large language models, personalizing them for individual decision-makers remains an open problem. Here, we introduce a synthetic-organic supervision pipeline that transforms raw judicial decisions into instruction-tuning data, enabling parameter-efficient fine-tuning of personalized models for individual judges in low-resource settings. We compare our approach to state-of-the-art personalization techniques across three different tasks and settings. The results show that Causal Language Modeling followed by synthetically generated instruction-tuning significantly outperforms all other baselines, providing significant improvements across lexical, stylistic, and semantic similarity. Notably, our model-generated outputs are indistinguishable from the reasoning of human judges, highlighting the viability of efficient personalization, even in low-resource settings.
Anthology ID:
2026.findings-acl.1332
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026
Month:
July
Year:
2026
Address:
San Diego, California, United States
Editors:
Maria Liakata, Viviane P. Moreira, Jiajun Zhang, David Jurgens
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
26735–26753
Language:
URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.findings-acl.1332/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Itay Razumenko, Arnon Sturm, and Nir Grinberg. 2026. JudgeMeNot: Personalizing Large Language Models to Emulate Judicial Reasoning in Hebrew. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026, pages 26735–26753, San Diego, California, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
JudgeMeNot: Personalizing Large Language Models to Emulate Judicial Reasoning in Hebrew (Razumenko et al., Findings 2026)
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PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.findings-acl.1332.pdf
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