Task-Stratified Knowledge Scaling Laws for Post-Training Quantized Large Language Models

Chenxi Zhou, Pengfei Cao, Jiang Li, Bohan Yu, Jinyu Ye, Jun Zhao, Kang Liu


Abstract
Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) is a critical strategy for efficient large language models (LLMs) deployment. However, existing scaling laws primarily focus on general performance, overlooking crucial fine-grained factors and how quantization differentially impacts diverse knowledge capabilities. To address this, we establish Task-Stratified Knowledge Scaling Laws. By stratifying capabilities into memorization, application, and reasoning, we develop a framework that unifies model size, bit-width, and fine-grained factors: group size and calibration set size. Validated on 293 diverse PTQ configurations, our framework demonstrates strong fit and cross-architecture consistency. It reveals distinct sensitivities across knowledge capabilities: reasoning is precision-critical, application is scale-responsive, and memorization is calibration-sensitive. We highlight that in low-bit scenarios, optimizing these fine-grained factors is essential for preventing performance collapse. These findings provide an empirically-backed foundation for designing knowledge-aware quantization strategies.
Anthology ID:
2026.findings-acl.1165
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026
Month:
July
Year:
2026
Address:
San Diego, California, United States
Editors:
Maria Liakata, Viviane P. Moreira, Jiajun Zhang, David Jurgens
Venue:
Findings
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Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
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Pages:
23268–23285
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URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.findings-acl.1165/
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Cite (ACL):
Chenxi Zhou, Pengfei Cao, Jiang Li, Bohan Yu, Jinyu Ye, Jun Zhao, and Kang Liu. 2026. Task-Stratified Knowledge Scaling Laws for Post-Training Quantized Large Language Models. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026, pages 23268–23285, San Diego, California, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Task-Stratified Knowledge Scaling Laws for Post-Training Quantized Large Language Models (Zhou et al., Findings 2026)
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