SlideAgent: Hierarchical Agentic Framework for Multi-Page Visual Document Understanding

Yiqiao Jin, Rachneet Kaur, Zhen Zeng, Sumitra Ganesh, Srijan Kumar


Abstract
Multi-page visual documents such as manuals, brochures, presentations, and posters convey key information through layout, colors, icons, and cross-slide references. While multimodal large language models (MLLMs) offer opportunities in document understanding, current systems struggle with complex, multi-page visual documents, particularly in fine-grained reasoning over elements and pages. We introduce SlideAgent, a versatile agentic framework for understanding multi-modal, multi-page, and multi-layout documents, especially slide decks. SlideAgent employs specialized agents and decomposes reasoning into three specialized levels–global, page, and element–to construct a structured, query-agnostic representation that captures both overarching themes and detailed visual or textual cues. During inference, SlideAgent selectively activates specialized agents for multi-level reasoning and integrates their outputs into coherent, context-aware answers.Extensive experiments show that SlideAgent significantly improves accuracy over both proprietary (+7.9%) and open-source models (+9.8%).
Anthology ID:
2026.acl-long.677
Volume:
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
July
Year:
2026
Address:
San Diego, California, United States
Editors:
Maria Liakata, Viviane P. Moreira, Jiajun Zhang, David Jurgens
Venue:
ACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
14858–14881
Language:
URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.acl-long.677/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Yiqiao Jin, Rachneet Kaur, Zhen Zeng, Sumitra Ganesh, and Srijan Kumar. 2026. SlideAgent: Hierarchical Agentic Framework for Multi-Page Visual Document Understanding. In Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 14858–14881, San Diego, California, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
SlideAgent: Hierarchical Agentic Framework for Multi-Page Visual Document Understanding (Jin et al., ACL 2026)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.acl-long.677.pdf
Checklist:
 2026.acl-long.677.checklist.pdf