DecIF: Improving Instruction-Following through Decomposition

Tingfeng Hui, Pengyu Zhu, Bowen Ping, Ling Tang, Guanting Dong, Yaqi Zhang, Sen Su


Abstract
We propose a novel data synthesis framework, DecIF, which automatically generates accurate and diverse instruction-following data from scratch for supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL), leveraging large language models (LLMs) and minimal external resources. By decomposing the data synthesis pipeline into fine-grained steps, DecIF achieves meticulous quality and diversity control over generated instruction-following data. Extensive experiments across both SFT and RL demonstrate DecIF’s strong capability to flexibly synthesize accurate instruction-following data for both paradigms compared to comprehensive baselines. Further analysis demonstrates the framework’s robustness, scalability, and computational efficiency in instruction-following data generation, while its modular design ensures straightforward implementation and reproducibility.
Anthology ID:
2026.acl-long.36
Volume:
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
July
Year:
2026
Address:
San Diego, California, United States
Editors:
Maria Liakata, Viviane P. Moreira, Jiajun Zhang, David Jurgens
Venue:
ACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
848–867
Language:
URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.acl-long.36/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Tingfeng Hui, Pengyu Zhu, Bowen Ping, Ling Tang, Guanting Dong, Yaqi Zhang, and Sen Su. 2026. DecIF: Improving Instruction-Following through Decomposition. In Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 848–867, San Diego, California, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
DecIF: Improving Instruction-Following through Decomposition (Hui et al., ACL 2026)
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https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.acl-long.36.pdf
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