Evaluating Temporal Consistency in Multi-Turn Language Models

Yash Kumar Atri, Steven L. Johnson, Thomas Hartvigsen


Abstract
Language models are increasingly deployed in interactive settings where users reason about facts over time rather than in isolation.In such scenarios, correct behavior requires models to maintain and update implicit temporal assumptions established earlier in a conversation. We study this challenge through the lens of temporal scope stability: the ability to preserve, override, or transfer time-scoped factual context across dialogue turns. We introduce ChronoScope, a large-scale diagnostic benchmark designed to isolate temporal scope behavior in controlled multi-turn interactions, comprising over one million deterministically generated question chains grounded in Wikidata. ChronoScope evaluates whether models can correctly retain inferred temporal scope when follow-up questions omit explicit time references, spanning implicit carryover, explicit scope switching, cross-entity transfer, and longer temporal trajectories.Through extensive evaluation of state-of-the-art language models, we find that temporal scope stability is frequently violated in controlled multi-turn settings, with models often drifting toward present-day assumptions despite correct underlying knowledge.These failures intensify with interaction length and persist even under oracle context conditions, revealing a gap between single-turn factual accuracy and coherent temporal reasoning under sequential interaction.We make our dataset and evaluation suite publicly available at https://github.com/yashkumaratri/ChronoScope.
Anthology ID:
2026.acl-long.2133
Volume:
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
July
Year:
2026
Address:
San Diego, California, United States
Editors:
Maria Liakata, Viviane P. Moreira, Jiajun Zhang, David Jurgens
Venue:
ACL
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Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
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Pages:
45964–45982
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URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.acl-long.2133/
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Cite (ACL):
Yash Kumar Atri, Steven L. Johnson, and Thomas Hartvigsen. 2026. Evaluating Temporal Consistency in Multi-Turn Language Models. In Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 45964–45982, San Diego, California, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Evaluating Temporal Consistency in Multi-Turn Language Models (Atri et al., ACL 2026)
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https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.acl-long.2133.pdf
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