Coordinating Search-Informed Reasoning and Reasoning-Guided Search in Claim Verification

Qisheng Hu, Quanyu Long, Wenya Wang


Abstract
Multi-hop claim verification is inherently challenging, requiring multi-step reasoning to construct verification chains while iteratively searching for information to uncover hidden bridging facts. This process is fundamentally interleaved, as effective reasoning relies on dynamically retrieved evidence, while effective search demands reasoning to refine queries based on partial information. To achieve this, we propose Hierarchical Agent Reasoning and Information Search (HARIS), explicitly modeling the coordinated process of reasoning-driven searching and search-informed reasoning. HARIS consists of a high-level reasoning agent that focuses on constructing the main verification chain, generating factual questions when more information is needed, and a low-level search agent that iteratively retrieves more information, refining its search based on intermediate findings. This design allows each agent to specialize in its respective task, enhancing verification accuracy and interpretability. HARIS is trained using reinforcement learning with outcome-based rewards. Experimental results on the EX-FEVER and HOVER benchmarks demonstrate that HARIS achieves strong performance, greatly advancing multi-hop claim verification.
Anthology ID:
2026.acl-long.119
Volume:
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
July
Year:
2026
Address:
San Diego, California, United States
Editors:
Maria Liakata, Viviane P. Moreira, Jiajun Zhang, David Jurgens
Venue:
ACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
2564–2585
Language:
URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.acl-long.119/
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Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Qisheng Hu, Quanyu Long, and Wenya Wang. 2026. Coordinating Search-Informed Reasoning and Reasoning-Guided Search in Claim Verification. In Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 2564–2585, San Diego, California, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Coordinating Search-Informed Reasoning and Reasoning-Guided Search in Claim Verification (Hu et al., ACL 2026)
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https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl/2026.acl-long.119.pdf
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