@proceedings{bea-2026-1,
    title = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.0/",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{farhana-etal-2026-theory,
    title = "Theory of Mind and Application in Educational Context",
    author = "Farhana, Effat  and
      Zainab, Maha  and
      Wang, Qiaosi  and
      Mireshghallah, Niloofar  and
      van der Meulen, Ramira  and
      van Duijn, Max",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.1/",
    pages = "1--6",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{goodman-2026-inferring,
    title = "Inferring Student Engagement via Real-Time Thermal{--}Visual Voice Activity Detection",
    author = "Goodman, Bradley",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.2/",
    pages = "7--20",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{li-etal-2026-investigating,
    title = "Investigating Context-aware {CTC} for Pronunciation Assessment: Mitigating Peaky Behavior and Context Independency Assumption",
    author = "Li, Jiun-Ting  and
      Lo, Tien-Hong  and
      Yan, Bi-Cheng  and
      Chiu, Shih-Hsuan  and
      Chao, Fu-An  and
      Chen, Berlin",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.3/",
    pages = "21--33",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{liang-etal-2026-survey,
    title = "A Survey of Automated Presentation Coaching: Systems, Methods, and Open Challenges",
    author = "Liang, Wen  and
      Siyan, Li  and
      Rackauckas, Zackary  and
      Hirschberg, Julia",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.4/",
    pages = "34--47",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{lucy-etal-2026-aftermath,
    title = "The Aftermath of {D}raw{E}du{M}ath: Vision Language Models Underperform with Struggling Students and Misdiagnose Errors",
    author = "Lucy, Li  and
      Zhang, Albert  and
      Anderson, Nathan  and
      Knight, Ryan  and
      Lo, Kyle",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.5/",
    pages = "48--62",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{loefflad-etal-2026-criterial,
    title = "Criterial Features in {G}erman: Towards Interpretable {NLP} in Readability Assessment",
    author = "Loefflad, Denise  and
      Kathmann, Sofia  and
      Holz, Heiko  and
      Meurers, Detmar",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.6/",
    pages = "63--77",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{lee-etal-2026-letting,
    title = "Letting Tutor Personas Speak Up for {LLM}s: Learning Steering Vectors from Dialogue via Preference Optimization",
    author = "Lee, Jaewook  and
      Scarlatos, Alexander  and
      Woodhead, Simon  and
      Lan, Andrew",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.7/",
    pages = "78--92",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{lee-etal-2026-towards,
    title = "Towards Just-in-Time Adaptive Feedback: Enhancing Student Learning via Knowledge-Grounded {LLM}",
    author = "Lee, Younghun  and
      Bralin, Amir  and
      Rebello, Nobel Sanjay  and
      Goldwasser, Dan",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.8/",
    pages = "93--107",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{yan-etal-2026-rabit,
    title = "{RABIT}: Rationale-Based Distillation Towards Interpretable Automatic Speaking Assessment via a Small Language Model",
    author = "Yan, Bi-Cheng  and
      Lin, Hong-Yun  and
      Chao, Fu-An  and
      Li, Jiun-Ting  and
      Chen, Berlin",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.9/",
    pages = "108--117",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{petukhova-etal-2026-towards,
    title = "Towards Pedagogically Aligned {LLM} Tutors for Math Mistake Remediation",
    author = "Petukhova, Kseniia  and
      Nguyen, Tien Dat  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.10/",
    pages = "118--140",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{polakova-etal-2026-challenges,
    title = "Challenges in Machine Translation of Interactive Multimodal Exercises",
    author = "Polakova, Lucie  and
      Hrabal, Miroslav  and
      Kloudov{\'a}, V{\v{e}}ra  and
      Nov{\'a}k, Michal  and
      Anisimova, Mariia  and
      Popel, Martin",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.11/",
    pages = "141--152",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{runyon-etal-2026-evaluating,
    title = "Evaluating {LLM} Workflows for Generating Clinical Communication Assessment Items: A Comparative Study with Subject-Matter Experts",
    author = "Runyon, Christopher  and
      Baldwin, Peter  and
      Micir, Ian  and
      Frome, Kevin  and
      Mann, Stephanie  and
      Rezayi, Saed  and
      Evanini, Keelan  and
      Yaneva, Victoria",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.12/",
    pages = "153--173",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{banno-etal-2026-towards,
    title = "Towards Self-Referential Analytic Assessment: A Profile-Based Approach to {L}2 Writing Evaluation with {LLM}s",
    author = "Banno, Stefano  and
      Knill, Kate  and
      Gales, Mark",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.13/",
    pages = "174--189",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{soliar-etal-2026-using,
    title = "Using Interaction Log Data to Evaluate and Improve Feedback Accuracy in an Intelligent Language Tutoring System",
    author = "Soliar, Mariia  and
      Colling, Leona  and
      Bodnar, Stephen  and
      Meurers, Detmar",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.14/",
    pages = "190--207",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{liu-etal-2026-bigger,
    title = "A Bigger Catch: Fine-Grained Curriculum Standards Alignment on the {M}ath{F}ish Benchmark",
    author = "Liu, Xinman  and
      Sharma, Mayank  and
      Shi, Xinyu",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.15/",
    pages = "208--220",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{melanchthon-etal-2026-sentence,
    title = "Through the Sentence Lens: Explainable Essay Scoring through Fine-Grained Predictions",
    author = "Melanchthon, Daniel Mora  and
      Keller, Stefan  and
      Horbach, Andrea",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.16/",
    pages = "221--233",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{turker-eryigit-2026-instruction,
    title = "Instruction-Following {LLM}s for Grammatical Error Correction: Analyzing Neutral-Anchored Instructional Sensitivity Across Editing Modes",
    author = {T{\"u}rker, Tolgahan  and
      Eryi{\u{g}}it, G{\"u}l{\c{s}}en},
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.17/",
    pages = "234--247",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{esiason-etal-2026-assessing,
    title = "Assessing the Quality and Consistency of Automated Knowledge Component Generation using Instructor-generated Questions and {LLM}s",
    author = "Esiason, Jordan  and
      Khare, Priyanka  and
      Min, Wookhee  and
      Lee, Seung  and
      Ozogul, Gamze  and
      Zheng, Xiaoying  and
      Jeong, Yeil",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.18/",
    pages = "248--258",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{cong-etal-2026-estimating,
    title = "Estimating {LLM} Grading Ability and Response Difficulty in Automatic Short Answer Grading via Item Response Theory",
    author = "Cong, Longwei  and
      Hahn, Sonja  and
      Gombert, Sebastian  and
      Camus, Leon  and
      Drachsler, Hendrik  and
      Kroehne, Ulf",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.19/",
    pages = "259--271",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{sternik-etal-2026-using,
    title = "Using k-Shot Prompting with Large k for the Automated Scoring of a {G}erman Written Elicited Imitation Test",
    author = "Sternik, Malte  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Drackert, Anastasia",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.20/",
    pages = "272--280",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{srikanth-etal-2026-kelvi,
    title = "Kelvi: A Morphological Parser to Support {T}amil Literacy",
    author = "Srikanth, Shankhalika  and
      Yu, Sabrina  and
      Chan, Sophia  and
      Solis de Ovando, Madeline",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.21/",
    pages = "281--291",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{wong-etal-2026-questions,
    title = "From Questions to Assessment Tuples: A Multi-Agent Framework with Bloom-Specialized Agents and Automated Verification",
    author = "Wong, Gee-Lyle  and
      Zhao, Runcong  and
      He, Yulan  and
      Li, Jiazheng",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.22/",
    pages = "292--335",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{park-2026-intent,
    title = "Intent vs. Surface: Recovering Acoustic Realization from {M}odern {ASR} for Pronunciation Training",
    author = "Park, Seongjin",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.23/",
    pages = "336--346",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{schaller-etal-2026-keyscore,
    title = "{KEYSCORE} {---} Keystroke-enhanced Automated Essay Scoring",
    author = {Schaller, Nils-Jonathan  and
      Melanchthon, Daniel Mora  and
      Jansen, Thorben  and
      K{\"o}ller, Olaf  and
      Horbach, Andrea},
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.24/",
    pages = "347--357",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{dutulescu-etal-2026-edumuse,
    title = "{E}du{MUSE}: A Multimodal Educational Dataset with Automatically Extracted Instructional Context",
    author = "Dutulescu, Andreea  and
      Ruseti, Stefan  and
      Dascalu, Mihai  and
      McNamara, Danielle",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.25/",
    pages = "358--367",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{vajjala-etal-2026-opportunities,
    title = "Opportunities and Challenges of {LLM}s in Education: An {NLP} Perspective",
    author = "Vajjala, Sowmya  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Banno, Stefano  and
      Maurya, Kaushal  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.26/",
    pages = "368--404",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{bai-stede-2026-fine,
    title = "Fine-Grained Content Zone Prediction in {G}erman Argumentative Essays Using {LLM}s",
    author = "Bai, Xiaoyu  and
      Stede, Manfred",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.27/",
    pages = "405--418",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{chamieh-etal-2026-multi,
    title = "Multi-step Large Language Model for Fine-Grained Feedback in Stepwise Linear Equation Solutions",
    author = "Chamieh, Imran  and
      Zesch, Torsten  and
      Giebermann, Klaus",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.28/",
    pages = "419--431",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{gurin-schleifer-etal-2026-quality,
    title = "Quality-Conditioned Agreement in Automated Short Answer Scoring: Mid-Range Degradation and the Impact of Task-Specific Adaptation",
    author = "Gurin Schleifer, Abigail  and
      Ariely, Moriah  and
      Beigman Klebanov, Beata  and
      Salman, Asaf  and
      Alexandron, Giora",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.29/",
    pages = "432--442",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{lober-etal-2026-using,
    title = "Using {LLM}s for item creation: Validating the potential of automatically generated sentence repetition test items for language assessment",
    author = {L{\"o}ber, Sarah  and
      Rudzewitz, Bj{\"o}rn  and
      Chu, Yuan  and
      He, Mengyuan  and
      Liu, Shiqin  and
      Ye, Yushan  and
      Chen, Xiaobin},
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.30/",
    pages = "443--454",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{zhou-etal-2026-comparative,
    title = "Comparative Evaluation of {AI}-Generated vs. Expert-written Answer Explanations for a Medical Education Self-Assessment",
    author = "Zhou, Yiyun  and
      O{'}Donnell, Francis  and
      Yaneva, Victoria",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.31/",
    pages = "455--462",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{smirnova-etal-2026-aggregate,
    title = "What Aggregate Scores Hide: Per-Rule Evaluation of {R}ussian Grammatical Error Correction",
    author = "Smirnova, Anna  and
      Kopan, Artyom  and
      Makeev, Vladislav  and
      Chernishev, George",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.32/",
    pages = "463--478",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{vu-etal-2026-finngec,
    title = "{F}inn{GEC}: Benchmarking Grammatical Error Correction for {F}innish",
    author = "Vu, Anh-Duc  and
      Zolotilin, Mikhail  and
      Hou, Jue  and
      Katinskaia, Anisia  and
      Wu, Yiheng  and
      Yangarber, Roman",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.33/",
    pages = "479--491",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{pilka-etal-2026-metrics,
    title = "From Metrics to Meaning: Rule-Grounded {LLM} Explanations for Data Literacy in the Case of Youth Football",
    author = "Pi{\l}ka, Tomasz  and
      Kuczy{\'n}ski, Tomasz  and
      Czajka, Mateusz",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.34/",
    pages = "492--502",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{grand-clement-masciolini-2026-sharing,
    title = "Sharing is Caring: Advantages of Sharing a Language Background with Learners as an Annotator of Learner Data in {UD}",
    author = "Grand-Clement, Caroline  and
      Masciolini, Arianna",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.35/",
    pages = "503--512",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{levin-etal-2026-classification,
    title = "Classification of Student Struggle in Mathematics",
    author = "Levin, Hannah  and
      Padwal, Madhura  and
      Mwiinga, Nchimunya",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.36/",
    pages = "513--528",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{kumar-etal-2026-persa,
    title = "{PERSA}: Reinforcement Learning for Professor-Style Personalized Feedback with {LLM}s",
    author = "Kumar, Ravi  and
      Grover, Utkarsh  and
      Lin, Xiaomin  and
      Polyzou, Agoritsa",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.37/",
    pages = "529--545",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{beigman-klebanov-etal-2026-data,
    title = "Data-lean fine-tuning of models for evaluating teacher performance in a {G}en{AI}-led elicitation simulation",
    author = "Beigman Klebanov, Beata  and
      Hoang, Andrew  and
      Mikeska, Jamie  and
      Longwill, Benny  and
      Kashyap, Sanjna  and
      Halder, Shreyashi  and
      Bhatia, Aakanksha",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.38/",
    pages = "546--561",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{moore-etal-2026-multi,
    title = "Multi-component student writing profiles for expert-aligned automated evaluation of {E}nglish learner essays.",
    author = "Moore, Russell  and
      Caines, Andrew  and
      Buttery, Paula",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.39/",
    pages = "562--573",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{rezayi-etal-2026-policy,
    title = "Policy-Sensitive Fairness Evaluation in Automated Scoring of Clinical Communication",
    author = "Rezayi, Saed  and
      Ha, Le An  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Harik, Polina  and
      Mee, Janet  and
      Snyder, Jason",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.40/",
    pages = "574--580",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{khalid-etal-2026-noise,
    title = "Noise Steering for Controlled Text Generation: Improving Diversity and Reading-Level Fidelity in {A}rabic Educational Story Generation",
    author = "Khalid, Haziq  and
      Shapsough, Salsabeel  and
      Zualkernan, Imran",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.41/",
    pages = "581--597",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{mihaylova-etal-2026-effects,
    title = "The Effects of Structured {LLM}-Generated Feedback on Programming Assignment Performance",
    author = "Mihaylova, Tsvetomila  and
      Logacheva, Evanfiya  and
      Hellas, Arto  and
      Fan, Jing  and
      Castro, Francisco  and
      Akram, Bita  and
      Norouzi, Narges  and
      Brusilovsky, Peter  and
      Leinonen, Juho",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.42/",
    pages = "598--611",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{huang-etal-2026-interpretable,
    title = "Interpretable Difficulty-Aware Knowledge Tracing in Tutor-Student Dialogues",
    author = "Huang, Shuyan  and
      Scarlatos, Alexander  and
      Lee, Jaewook  and
      Lan, Andrew",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.43/",
    pages = "612--623",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{gombert-etal-2026-rubrics,
    title = "Rubrics as Semantic Subspaces: A Unified Approach to Rubric-based Constructed Response Scoring across Short Answers and Essays",
    author = "Gombert, Sebastian  and
      Hahn, Sonja  and
      Andersen, Nico  and
      Camus, Leon  and
      Sun, Zhifan  and
      Nguyen, Ngoc Nhu Hao  and
      Zehner, Fabian  and
      Cong, Longwei  and
      Mehler, Alexander  and
      Drachsler, Hendrik",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.44/",
    pages = "624--634",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{lade-etal-2026-domain,
    title = "Domain-Adaptive Pre-training for Automated Short Answer Grading in Conceptual Physics: Reliability, Question-Level Analysis, and Error Reduction",
    author = "Lade, Shirin  and
      Willis, Alistair  and
      Nylk, Jonathan  and
      Howson, Oli",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.45/",
    pages = "635--650",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{shu-etal-2026-measuring,
    title = "Measuring Optimal Challenge: Trajectory-Based Difficulty Alignment in Open-Ended Language Tutoring",
    author = "Shu, Ziqi  and
      Wang, Shuman  and
      Hardy, Michael",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.46/",
    pages = "651--667",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{yue-etal-2026-peermathdial,
    title = "{P}eer{M}ath{D}ial: A Middle School Dialogue Dataset for Student Collaborative Math Problem Solving",
    author = "Yue, Murong  and
      Mcglone, Desmond  and
      Slutz, Emily  and
      Lyu, Wenhan  and
      Zhang, Yixuan  and
      Suh, Jennifer  and
      Yao, Ziyu",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.47/",
    pages = "668--684",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{christenson-etal-2026-effects,
    title = "Effects of Varying {LLM} Access on Essay Writing Behavior",
    author = "Christenson, Julia  and
      de Langis, Karin  and
      Hayati, Shirley Anugrah  and
      Kang, Dongyeop",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.48/",
    pages = "685--701",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{issa-ali-2026-assessment,
    title = "Assessment of {L}2 speech global dimensions using large audio language models",
    author = "Issa, Elsayed  and
      Ali, Mahmoud",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.49/",
    pages = "702--714",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{gaudeau-etal-2026-incentives,
    title = "Incentives Of {E}d{T}ech: A Systematic Review Of {E}du{NLP} Research",
    author = "Gaudeau, Gabrielle  and
      O{'}Driscoll, Aoife  and
      Degraeuwe, Jasper  and
      Caines, Andrew  and
      Rooein, Donya  and
      Talat, Zeerak",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.50/",
    pages = "715--750",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{shen-etal-2026-childrens,
    title = "Children{'}s {E}nglish Reading Story Generation via Supervised Fine-Tuning of Compact {LLM}s with Controllable Difficulty and Safety",
    author = "Shen, Qian  and
      Cao, Fanghua  and
      Yao, Min  and
      Gilda, Shlok  and
      Dorr, Bonnie  and
      Leite, Walter",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.51/",
    pages = "751--765",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{alzubi-reynolds-2026-transformer,
    title = "Transformer-based readability classifiers are worse than you think: Evidence from cross-domain {A}rabic readability assessment",
    author = "Alzu{'}Bi, Sarh  and
      Reynolds, Robert",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.52/",
    pages = "766--776",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{kapoor-etal-2026-predicting,
    title = "Predicting Item Difficulty and Generating Reading Comprehension Items via an Annotated Repository",
    author = "Kapoor, Radhika  and
      Sharma, Mayank  and
      Truong, Sang  and
      Haber, Nick  and
      Domingue, Ben  and
      Ruiz-Primo, Maria",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.53/",
    pages = "777--797",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{lee-etal-2026-generative,
    title = "Generative-Evaluative Agreement: A Necessary Validity Criterion for {LLM}-Enabled Adaptive Assessment",
    author = "Lee, Grandee  and
      Wang, Yue  and
      Lye, Che Yee  and
      Peh, Luke",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.54/",
    pages = "798--812",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{gohr-etal-2026-evaluating,
    title = "Evaluating {LLM}-Generated Formative Feedback for Undergraduate Mathematics Through the Lens of Feedback Theory",
    author = "Gohr, Aron  and
      Lawn, Marie-Amelie  and
      Gao, Kevin  and
      Serjeant, Inigo  and
      Heslip, Stephen",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.55/",
    pages = "813--818",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{yasir-etal-2026-confirming,
    title = "Confirming Correct, Missing the Rest: {LLM} Tutoring Agents Struggle Where Feedback Matters Most",
    author = "Yasir, Tahreem  and
      Li, Wenbo  and
      Gilson, Sam  and
      Tithi, Sutapa  and
      Tian, Xiaoyi  and
      Barnes, Tiffany",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.56/",
    pages = "819--840",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{jain-etal-2026-retrieval,
    title = "Retrieval-Augmented Tutoring for Algorithm Tracing and Problem-Solving in {AI} Education",
    author = "Jain, Mragisha  and
      Bhatt, Tirth  and
      Pitts, Griffin  and
      Pandya, Aum  and
      Brusilovsky, Peter  and
      Norouzi, Narges  and
      Hellas, Arto  and
      Leinonen, Juho  and
      Akram, Bita",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.57/",
    pages = "841--850",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{akef-etal-2026-llm,
    title = "{LLM}-Powered but Rule-Grounded: Pedagogically Relevant Grammatical Error Characterization for Learner Model Construction",
    author = "Akef, Soroosh  and
      Mendes, Am{\'a}lia  and
      Rebuschat, P  and
      Meurers, Detmar",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.58/",
    pages = "851--862",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{barakat-kochmar-2026-teaching,
    title = "Teaching Through Analogies: A Modular Pipeline for Educational Analogy Generation",
    author = "Barakat, Mariam  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.59/",
    pages = "863--898",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{goto-etal-2026-edit,
    title = "Edit-level Majority Voting Mitigates Over-Correction in {LLM}-based Grammatical Error Correction",
    author = "Goto, Takumi  and
      Sakai, Yusuke  and
      Watanabe, Taro",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.60/",
    pages = "899--913",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{manlises-ong-2026-zero,
    title = "Zero Shot Phonics: Evaluating Constraint-Adherent Phonics Story Generation in Large Language Models",
    author = "Manlises, Maria Monica  and
      Ong, Ethel",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.61/",
    pages = "914--932",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{ribeiro-flucht-etal-2026-dialogue,
    title = "From Dialogue to Learner Modeling: Identifying Candidate Signals of Productive Use in {LLM}-Based Grammar Practice",
    author = "Ribeiro-Flucht, Luisa  and
      Huang, Lanhua  and
      Chen, Xiaobin",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.62/",
    pages = "933--940",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{woo-etal-2026-evaluating,
    title = "Evaluating Adaptive Personalization of Educational Readings with Simulated Learners",
    author = "Woo, Ryan  and
      Rao, Anmol  and
      Keluskar, Aryan  and
      Chen, Yinong",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.63/",
    pages = "941--950",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{haseeb-etal-2026-toward,
    title = "Toward Cross-Domain Automated Feedback: A Comparative Evaluation of Open-Source Models across Diverse Student Assessment Types",
    author = "Haseeb, Muhammad  and
      Hmue, Min Paing  and
      Imam Amjad, Ahmad  and
      Amjad, Maaz  and
      Sheng, Victor",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.64/",
    pages = "951--963",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{felice-skidmore-2026-findings,
    title = "Findings of the {BEA} 2026 Shared Task on Vocabulary Difficulty Prediction for {E}nglish Learners",
    author = "Felice, Mariano  and
      Skidmore, Lucy",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.65/",
    pages = "964--984",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{bestgen-2026-satlab,
    title = "{SATL}ab at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: Predicting the Difficulty of {E}nglish Words for Three {L}1 Learners Using Primarily Psycholinguistic Features",
    author = "Bestgen, Yves",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.66/",
    pages = "985--991",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{dalbo-2026-uga,
    title = "{UGA} Threshold at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: Predicting Vocabulary Acquisition Difficulty with Hand-Crafted {SLA}-Based Features",
    author = "Dalbo, Emma",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.67/",
    pages = "992--996",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{chen-2026-teamxbc,
    title = "{T}eam{XBC} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: How {AI} (and {I}) won the shared task: Vibe and agentic coding solutions for practical machine learning problems",
    author = "Chen, Xiaobin",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.68/",
    pages = "997--1009",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{mattu-etal-2026-saakth,
    title = "{SAAKTH} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: {L}1-Aware {E}nglish Vocabulary Difficulty Prediction with Hybrid Transformer and Psycholinguistic Features",
    author = "Mattu, Karthik  and
      Dhall, Adit  and
      Naguru, Arshad  and
      Sehgal, Shubh  and
      Gowda, Thejas  and
      Sung, Hakyung",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.69/",
    pages = "1010--1015",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{willoughby-etal-2026-surreycts,
    title = "{S}urrey{CTS} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: Semantic Funnelling and Entropy-based Multilingual Lexical Difficulty Prediction",
    author = "Willoughby, Georgina  and
      Painter, Jordan  and
      Kanojia, Diptesh  and
      Wells, Emily  and
      Orasan, Constantin",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.70/",
    pages = "1016--1023",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{sharma-2026-edunlp,
    title = "{E}du{NLP} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: Multi-Model Ensemble with Feature-Augmented Transformers for Vocabulary Difficulty Prediction",
    author = "Sharma, Avinash Kumar",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.71/",
    pages = "1024--1028",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{cho-etal-2026-aida,
    title = "{AIDA} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: A Two-Stage Framework for {L}1-Aware Vocabulary Difficulty Prediction with Representation Diversity and Residual Calibration",
    author = "Cho, Seok Hyeon  and
      Choi, JunHyeok  and
      Ji, Sangeun  and
      Han, Sung Won",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.72/",
    pages = "1029--1040",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{hossain-alve-2026-failure,
    title = "Failure at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: One Pipeline, Three L1s: A Unified Language-Agnostic System for Vocabulary Difficulty Prediction",
    author = "Hossain, Abid  and
      Alve, Kamruzzaman Khan",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.73/",
    pages = "1041--1046",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{mayer-martins-etal-2026-boostedcats,
    title = "{B}oosted{C}ats at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: What Makes a Word Hard to Learn? Modeling {L}1 Influence on {E}nglish Vocabulary Difficulty",
    author = "Mayer Martins, Jonas  and
      Huang, Zhuojing  and
      Herygers, Aaricia  and
      Beinborn, Lisa",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.74/",
    pages = "1047--1064",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{stearns-etal-2026-uogal,
    title = "uogal at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: Ensemble of Multilingual Encoders with {NMT} Augmentation for {L}1-Aware Vocabulary Difficulty Prediction",
    author = "Stearns, Bernardo  and
      McCrae, John P.  and
      Gaillat, Thomas  and
      Kafunah, Jefkine",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.75/",
    pages = "1065--1076",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{li-etal-2026-jinnies,
    title = "Jinnie{'}s Lab at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: Precalibration of Vocabulary Item Difficulty with Multilingual Transformers and Multi-Task Learning",
    author = "Li, Zhe  and
      Aguinalde, Pauline  and
      Shin, Jinnie",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.76/",
    pages = "1077--1090",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{philippov-etal-2026-glite,
    title = "Glite at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: Holistic Difficulty Models Dominate, Feature Engineering Closes the Gap in {L}1-Aware Vocabulary Difficulty Prediction",
    author = "Philippov, Vassili  and
      Andreev, Dmitrii  and
      Katunin, Pavel  and
      Nikolaev, Anton",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.77/",
    pages = "1091--1105",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{latif-etal-2026-nlp,
    title = "{NLP}-Explorers at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: {D}e{BERT}a{--}{C}at{B}oost Weighted Ensemble Approach for {L}1-Specific Vocabulary Difficulty Prediction",
    author = "Latif, Tayyab  and
      Bibi, Asifa  and
      Butt, Sabur  and
      Sidorov, Grigori  and
      Gelbukh, Alexander",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.78/",
    pages = "1106--1112",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{robaina-etal-2026-retuyt,
    title = "{RETUYT}-{INCO} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: Feature-Enriched m{D}e{BERT}a for Word Difficulty Prediction",
    author = "Robaina, Santiago  and
      Ros{\'a}, Aiala  and
      Chiruzzo, Luis",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.79/",
    pages = "1113--1118",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{parashar-mathias-2026-token,
    title = "Token Titans at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: Multilingual Lexical Complexity Prediction via Fine-Tuned {XLM}-{R}o{BERT}a with Ensemble Decoding",
    author = "Parashar, Anubhab  and
      Mathias, Sandeep",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.80/",
    pages = "1119--1123",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{m-etal-2026-toebm,
    title = "{TOEBM} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: Improving Lexical Difficulty Prediction with Context-Aligned Contrastive Learning and Ridge Ensembling",
    author = "M., wicaksono  and
      Lopo, Joanito  and
      Nugraha, Tsamarah  and
      Adi, Ahmad  and
      Nurfajri, Muhamad",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.81/",
    pages = "1124--1136",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{pineda-etal-2026-data,
    title = "Data Asgardians at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: A Hybrid Transformer{--}Feature Ensemble for {L}1-Aware {E}nglish Vocabulary Difficulty Prediction",
    author = "Pineda, Adrian  and
      Butt, Sabur  and
      Ceballos Cancino, H{\'e}ctor",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.82/",
    pages = "1137--1145",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{khallaf-sharoff-2026-uol,
    title = "{UOL}@{IDEM} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: Neural Fusion and Feature-Rich Modeling for {L}1-Aware Vocabulary Difficulty Prediction",
    author = "Khallaf, Nouran  and
      Sharoff, Serge",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.83/",
    pages = "1146--1160",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{nohejl-etal-2026-sakura,
    title = "Sakura at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 1: What Makes Vocabulary Difficult?",
    author = "Nohejl, Adam  and
      Wu, Xuanxin  and
      Ide, Yusuke  and
      Riera Machin, Maria  and
      Chang, Yi-Ning",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.84/",
    pages = "1161--1178",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{gombert-etal-2026-report,
    title = "Report on the {BEA} 2026 Shared Task on Rubric-based Short Answer Scoring for {G}erman",
    author = "Gombert, Sebastian  and
      Sun, Zhifan  and
      Zehner, Fabian  and
      Lossjew, Jannik  and
      Wyrwich, Tobias  and
      Czinczel, Berrit  and
      Bednorz, David  and
      Bernholt, Sascha  and
      Neumann, Knut  and
      Harms, Ute  and
      Heinze, Aiso  and
      Drachsler, Hendrik",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.85/",
    pages = "1179--1192",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{pado-2026-hft,
    title = "{HFT} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 2: Blunt-Edge Models for Hybrid Grading",
    author = "Pado, Ulrike",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.86/",
    pages = "1193--1200",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{bexte-etal-2026-aslan,
    title = "{ASLAN} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 2: Voting Across Scoring Paradigms",
    author = "Bexte, Marie  and
      Ding, Yuning  and
      Ruppenhofer, Josef  and
      Schaller, Nils-Jonathan  and
      Melanchthon, Daniel Mora  and
      Zesch, Torsten  and
      Horbach, Andrea",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.87/",
    pages = "1201--1209",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{gwozdz-both-2026-wse,
    title = "{WSE} Research at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 2: Multi-Strategy Rubric-Based Short Answer Scoring for {G}erman",
    author = "Gwozdz, Jonas  and
      Both, Andreas",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.88/",
    pages = "1210--1216",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{willis-third-2026-amati,
    title = "{AMATI} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 2: Automatic Short Answer Grading with Inductive Logic Programming and a Large Language Model",
    author = "Willis, Alistair  and
      Third, Aisling",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.89/",
    pages = "1217--1223",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{belcher-etal-2026-iwm,
    title = "{IWM}-{DKM} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 2: Supplementing Supervised Fine-Tuning for Rubric-Based Short Answer Scoring",
    author = "Belcher, Kate  and
      De Kuthy Meurers, Marius  and
      De Kuthy, Kordula  and
      Meurers, Detmar",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.90/",
    pages = "1224--1234",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{sastre-etal-2026-retuyt,
    title = "{RETUYT}-{INCO} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 2: Meta-prompting in Rubric-based Scoring for {G}erman",
    author = "Sastre, Ignacio  and
      Remersaro, Ignacio  and
      D{\'i}az, Facundo  and
      De Horta, Nicol{\'a}s  and
      Chiruzzo, Luis  and
      Ros{\'a}, Aiala  and
      G{\'o}ngora, Santiago",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.91/",
    pages = "1235--1243",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}
@inproceedings{liu-zhang-2026-sdpa,
    title = "{SDPA} at {BEA} 2026 Shared Task 2: Efficient {LLM} Fine-Tuning for Rubric-based Short Answer Scoring",
    author = "Liu, Zhexiong  and
      Zhang, Jing",
    editor = "Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Alhafni, Bashar  and
      Bann{\`o}, Stefano  and
      Bexte, Marie  and
      Burstein, Jill  and
      Horbach, Andrea  and
      Laarmann-Quante, Ronja  and
      Tack, Anais  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Yuan, Zheng",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st Workshop on Innovative Use of {NLP} for Building Educational Applications ({BEA} 2026)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, California, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bea-1.92/",
    pages = "1244--1251",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-409-5"
}