Wout Teillers
2026
Tricking Open-World Object Recognition Models: Uncertainty in Out-of-Distribution Detection
Wout Teillers | Matias Valdenegro-Toro
Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Towards Knowledgeable Foundation Models (KnowFM 2026)
Wout Teillers | Matias Valdenegro-Toro
Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Towards Knowledgeable Foundation Models (KnowFM 2026)
Object recognition models are well studied on benchmark datasets, typically focusing on performance in retrieving objects that exist in images. However, in real-life scenarios there is no prior knowledge of an object’s existence, and current research fails to assess model performance in these situations. This research aims to shed light on this problem by testing three Open-World models, YOLO-World, Grounding Dino and GPT-4o, on the LVIS, Open Images, and JUS datasets. We design an experiment where models are confronted with impossible prompts by instructing them to retrieve non-existing objects. This allows us to observe the models’ uncertainty performance. Overall, GPT-4o performed poorest with regard to object recognition and uncertainty estimation. GPT-4o showed to be highly overconfident. In contrast, YOLO-World and Grounding Dino are slightly underconfident, but they are superior in their uncertainty calibration in comparison to GPT-4o. However, all three models occasionally assign high confident predictions to non-existing objects. Showing that improvement can still be made to the uncertainty estimation of these models when confronted with impossible prompts.