@inproceedings{fichtl-etal-2026-challenging,
    title = "Challenging Quadratic Attention - A Holistic View On the Rise of Alternative Language Model Architectures",
    author = "Fichtl, Alexander M.  and
      Bohn, Jeremias  and
      Kelber, Josefin  and
      Mosca, Edoardo  and
      Groh, Georg",
    editor = "Elazar, Yanai  and
      Ettinger, Allyson  and
      Kassner, Nora  and
      Ruder, Sebastian",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of The Big Picture v2: Crafting a Research Narrative",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, CA, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/ingest-acl-workshops/2026.bigpicture-main.6/",
    pages = "60--81",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-416-3",
    abstract = "Transformers have dominated sequence processing tasks for the past seven years{---}most notably language modeling. However, the inherent quadratic complexity of their attention mechanism remains a significant bottleneck as context length increases. We review and distill the recent efforts to overcome this bottleneck, including advances in (sub-quadratic) attention variants, recurrent neural networks, state space models, and hybrid architectures. We critically analyze approaches regarding compute and memory complexity, benchmark results, and fundamental limitations to assess whether the dominance of pure-attention transformers may soon be challenged, which we consider possible, particularly in domain-specific and edge-device applications."
}