@inproceedings{sarker-gonzalez-2017-hlp,
    title = "{HLP}@{UP}enn at {S}em{E}val-2017 Task 4{A}: A simple, self-optimizing text classification system combining dense and sparse vectors",
    author = "Sarker, Abeed  and
      Gonzalez, Graciela",
    editor = "Bethard, Steven  and
      Carpuat, Marine  and
      Apidianaki, Marianna  and
      Mohammad, Saif M.  and
      Cer, Daniel  and
      Jurgens, David",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation ({S}em{E}val-2017)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2017",
    address = "Vancouver, Canada",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-sig-urls/S17-2105/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/S17-2105",
    pages = "640--643",
    abstract = "We present a simple supervised text classification system that combines sparse and dense vector representations of words, and generalized representations of words via clusters. The sparse vectors are generated from word n-gram sequences (1-3). The dense vector representations of words (embeddings) are learned by training a neural network to predict neighboring words in a large unlabeled dataset. To classify a text segment, the different representations of it are concatenated, and the classification is performed using Support Vector Machines (SVM). Our system is particularly intended for use by non-experts of natural language processing and machine learning, and, therefore, the system does not require any manual tuning of parameters or weights. Given a training set, the system automatically generates the training vectors, optimizes the relevant hyper-parameters for the SVM classifier, and trains the classification model. We evaluated this system on the SemEval-2017 English sentiment analysis task. In terms of average F1-score, our system obtained 8th position out of 39 submissions (F1-score: 0.632, average recall: 0.637, accuracy: 0.646)."
}