@inproceedings{rismanchian-etal-2025-turtlebench,
    title = "{T}urtle{B}ench: A Visual Programming Benchmark in Turtle Geometry",
    author = "Rismanchian, Sina  and
      Razeghi, Yasaman  and
      Singh, Sameer  and
      Doroudi, Shayan",
    editor = "Chiruzzo, Luis  and
      Ritter, Alan  and
      Wang, Lu",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2025 Conference of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 1: Long Papers)",
    month = apr,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Albuquerque, New Mexico",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-sig-urls/2025.naacl-long.607/",
    pages = "12170--12188",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-189-6",
    abstract = "Humans have the ability to reason about geometric patterns in images and scenes from a young age. However, developing large multimodal models (LMMs) capable of similar reasoning remains a challenge, highlighting the need for robust evaluation methods to assess these capabilities. We introduce TurtleBench, a benchmark designed to evaluate LMMs' capacity to interpret geometric patterns{---}given visual examples, textual instructions, or both{---}and generate precise code outputs. Inspired by turtle geometry, a notion used to teach children foundational coding and geometric concepts, TurtleBench features tasks with patterned shapes that have underlying algorithmic logic. Our evaluation reveals that leading LMMs struggle significantly with these tasks, with GPT-4V achieving only 19{\%} accuracy on the simplest tasks and few-shot prompting only marginally improves their performance ({\ensuremath{<}}2{\%}). TurtleBench highlights the gap between human and AI performance in intuitive and visual geometrical understanding, setting the stage for future research in this area and stands as one of the few benchmarks to evaluate the integration of visual understanding and code generation capabilities in LMMs, setting the stage for future research."
}