Social Norms in Cinema: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Shame, Pride and Prejudice

Sunny Rai, Khushang Zaveri, Shreya Havaldar, Soumna Nema, Lyle Ungar, Sharath Chandra Guntuku


Abstract
Shame and pride are social emotions expressed across cultures to motivate and regulate people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. In this paper, we introduce the first cross-cultural dataset of over 10k shame/pride-related expressions with underlying social expectations from ~5.4K Bollywood and Hollywood movies. We examine *how* and *why* shame and pride are expressed across cultures using a blend of psychology-informed language analysis combined with large language models. We find significant cross-cultural differences in shame and pride expression aligning with known cultural tendencies of the USA and India – e.g., in Hollywood, shame-expressions predominantly discuss *self* whereas shame is expressed toward *others* in Bollywood. Women are more sanctioned across cultures and for violating similar social expectations.
Anthology ID:
2025.naacl-long.568
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2025 Conference of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
April
Year:
2025
Address:
Albuquerque, New Mexico
Editors:
Luis Chiruzzo, Alan Ritter, Lu Wang
Venue:
NAACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
11396–11415
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URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-sig-urls/2025.naacl-long.568/
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Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Sunny Rai, Khushang Zaveri, Shreya Havaldar, Soumna Nema, Lyle Ungar, and Sharath Chandra Guntuku. 2025. Social Norms in Cinema: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Shame, Pride and Prejudice. In Proceedings of the 2025 Conference of the Nations of the Americas Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 11396–11415, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Social Norms in Cinema: A Cross-Cultural Analysis of Shame, Pride and Prejudice (Rai et al., NAACL 2025)
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https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-sig-urls/2025.naacl-long.568.pdf