@inproceedings{cripwell-etal-2023-simplicity,
    title = "Simplicity Level Estimate ({SLE}): A Learned Reference-Less Metric for Sentence Simplification",
    author = {Cripwell, Liam  and
      Legrand, Jo{\"e}l  and
      Gardent, Claire},
    editor = "Bouamor, Houda  and
      Pino, Juan  and
      Bali, Kalika",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = dec,
    year = "2023",
    address = "Singapore",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-sig-urls/2023.emnlp-main.739/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2023.emnlp-main.739",
    pages = "12053--12059",
    abstract = "Automatic evaluation for sentence simplification remains a challenging problem. Most popular evaluation metrics require multiple high-quality references {--} something not readily available for simplification {--} which makes it difficult to test performance on unseen domains. Furthermore, most existing metrics conflate simplicity with correlated attributes such as fluency or meaning preservation. We propose a new learned evaluation metric {---} SLE {---} which focuses on simplicity, outperforming almost all existing metrics in terms of correlation with human judgements."
}