@proceedings{woah-ws-2025-1,
    title = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.0/",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{fillies-etal-2025-comprehensive,
    title = "A Comprehensive Taxonomy of Bias Mitigation Methods for Hate Speech Detection",
    author = "Fillies, Jan  and
      Wawerek, Marius  and
      Paschke, Adrian",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.1/",
    pages = "1--16",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{antypas-etal-2025-sensitive,
    title = "Sensitive Content Classification in Social Media: A Holistic Resource and Evaluation",
    author = "Antypas, Dimosthenis  and
      Sen, Indira  and
      Perez Almendros, Carla  and
      Camacho-Collados, Jose  and
      Barbieri, Francesco",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.2/",
    pages = "17--31",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{oh-2025-civility,
    title = "From civility to parity: Marxist-feminist ethics for context-aware algorithmic content moderation",
    author = "Oh, Dayei",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.3/",
    pages = "32--40",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{kums-etal-2025-novel,
    title = "A Novel Dataset for Classifying {G}erman Hate Speech Comments with Criminal Relevance",
    author = "Kums, Vincent  and
      Meyer, Florian  and
      Pivit, Luisa  and
      Vedenina, Uliana  and
      Wortmann, Jonas  and
      Siegel, Melanie  and
      Labudde, Dirk",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.4/",
    pages = "41--52",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{caselli-plaza-del-arco-2025-learning,
    title = "Learning from Disagreement: Entropy-Guided Few-Shot Selection for Toxic Language Detection",
    author = "Caselli, Tommaso  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.5/",
    pages = "53--66",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{sun-etal-2025-debiasing,
    title = "Debiasing Static Embeddings for Hate Speech Detection",
    author = {Sun, Ling  and
      Kim, Soyoung  and
      Dong, Xiao  and
      K{\"u}bler, Sandra},
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.8/",
    pages = "67--76",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{wang-etal-2025-web,
    title = "Web(er) of Hate: A Survey on How Hate Speech Is Typed",
    author = "Wang, Luna  and
      Caines, Andrew  and
      Hutchings, Alice",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.9/",
    pages = "77--103",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{ngueajio-etal-2025-think,
    title = "Think Like a Person Before Responding: A Multi-Faceted Evaluation of Persona-Guided {LLM}s for Countering Hate Speech.",
    author = "Ngueajio, Mikel  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Chung, Yi-Ling  and
      Rawat, Danda  and
      Cercas Curry, Amanda",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.10/",
    pages = "104--123",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{damo-etal-2025-hodiat,
    title = "{HODIAT}: A Dataset for Detecting Homotransphobic Hate Speech in {I}talian with Aggressiveness and Target Annotation",
    author = "Damo, Greta  and
      Cignarella, Alessandra Teresa  and
      Caselli, Tommaso  and
      Patti, Viviana  and
      Nozza, Debora",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.11/",
    pages = "124--135",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{talas-hutchings-2025-beyond,
    title = "Beyond the Binary: Analysing Transphobic Hate and Harassment Online",
    author = "Talas, Anna  and
      Hutchings, Alice",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.12/",
    pages = "136--152",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{berezin-etal-2025-evading,
    title = "Evading Toxicity Detection with {ASCII}-art: A Benchmark of Spatial Attacks on Moderation Systems",
    author = "Berezin, Sergey  and
      Farahbakhsh, Reza  and
      Crespi, Noel",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.13/",
    pages = "153--162",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{lisker-etal-2025-debunking,
    title = "Debunking with Dialogue? Exploring {AI}-Generated Counterspeech to Challenge Conspiracy Theories",
    author = "Lisker, Mareike  and
      Gottschalk, Christina  and
      Mihaljevi{\'c}, Helena",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.15/",
    pages = "163--178",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{kalkbrenner-etal-2025-misinfotelegraph,
    title = "{M}isinfo{T}ele{G}raph: Network-driven Misinformation Detection for {G}erman Telegram Messages",
    author = "Kalkbrenner, Lu  and
      Solopova, Veronika  and
      Zeiler, Steffen  and
      Nickel, Robert  and
      Kolossa, Dorothea",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.16/",
    pages = "179--191",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{hill-2025-catching,
    title = "Catching Stray Balls: Football, fandom, and the impact on digital discourse",
    author = "Hill, Mark",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.17/",
    pages = "192--205",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{mandravickaite-etal-2025-exploring,
    title = "Exploring Hate Speech Detection Models for {L}ithuanian Language",
    author = "Mandravickait{\.{e}}, Justina  and
      Rimkien{\.{e}}, Egl{\.{e}}  and
      Petkevi{\v{c}}ius, Mindaugas  and
      Songailait{\.{e}}, Milita  and
      Zaranka, Eimantas  and
      Krilavi{\v{c}}ius, Tomas",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.18/",
    pages = "206--218",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{mnassri-etal-2025-rag,
    title = "{RAG} and Recall: Multilingual Hate Speech Detection with Semantic Memory",
    author = "Mnassri, Khouloud  and
      Farahbakhsh, Reza  and
      Crespi, Noel",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.20/",
    pages = "219--227",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{boudraa-etal-2025-implicit,
    title = "Implicit Hate Target Span Detection in Zero- and Few-Shot Settings with Selective Sub-Billion Parameter Models",
    author = "Boudraa, Hossam  and
      Favre, Benoit  and
      Urena, Raquel",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.21/",
    pages = "228--240",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{pontiki-etal-2025-hate,
    title = "Hate Speech in Times of Crises: a Cross-Disciplinary Analysis of Online Xenophobia in {G}reece",
    author = "Pontiki, Maria  and
      Georgiadou, Vasiliki  and
      Rori, Lamprini  and
      Gavriilidou, Maria",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.22/",
    pages = "241--253",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{pandya-etal-2025-hostility,
    title = "Hostility Detection in {UK} Politics: A Dataset on Online Abuse Targeting {MP}s",
    author = "Pandya, Mugdha  and
      Jin, Mali  and
      Bontcheva, Kalina  and
      Maynard, Diana",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.23/",
    pages = "254--266",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{de-ruvo-etal-2025-detoxify,
    title = "Detoxify-{IT}: An {I}talian Parallel Dataset for Text Detoxification",
    author = "De Ruvo, Viola  and
      Muti, Arianna  and
      Dementieva, Daryna  and
      Nozza, Debora",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.24/",
    pages = "267--275",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{talat-etal-2025-pathways,
    title = "Pathways to Radicalisation: On Research for Online Radicalisation in Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning",
    author = "Talat, Zeerak  and
      Schlichtkrull, Michael Sejr  and
      Madhyastha, Pranava  and
      De Kock, Christine",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.25/",
    pages = "276--283",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{marzea-etal-2025-social,
    title = "Social Hatred: Efficient Multimodal Detection of Hatemongers",
    author = "Marzea, Tom  and
      Israeli, Abraham  and
      Tsur, Oren",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.26/",
    pages = "284--298",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{muti-etal-2025-blue,
    title = "Blue-haired, misandriche, rabiata: Tracing the Connotation of `Feminist(s)' Across Time, Languages and Domains",
    author = "Muti, Arianna  and
      Gemelli, Sara  and
      Moscato, Emanuele  and
      Francis, Emilie  and
      Cercas Curry, Amanda  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Nozza, Debora",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.27/",
    pages = "299--311",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{bauer-etal-2025-towards,
    title = "Towards Fairness Assessment of {D}utch Hate Speech Detection",
    author = "Bauer, Julie  and
      Kaushal, Rishabh  and
      Bertaglia, Thales  and
      Iamnitchi, Adriana",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.28/",
    pages = "312--324",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{francis-2025-hetero,
    title = "Between Hetero-Fatalism and Dark Femininity: Discussions of Relationships, Sex, and Men in the Femosphere",
    author = "Francis, Emilie",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.29/",
    pages = "325--341",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{atil-etal-2025-llms,
    title = "Can {LLM}s Rank the Harmfulness of Smaller {LLM}s? We are Not There Yet",
    author = "Atil, Berk  and
      Gupta, Vipul  and
      Das, Sarkar Snigdha Sarathi  and
      Passonneau, Rebecca",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.30/",
    pages = "342--354",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{munoz-sanchez-etal-2025-trying,
    title = "Are You Trying to Convince Me or Are You Trying to Deceive Me? Using Argumentation Types to Identify Deceptive News",
    author = "Mu{\~n}oz S{\'a}nchez, Ricardo  and
      Francis, Emilie  and
      Lindahl, Anna",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.31/",
    pages = "355--372",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{lee-etal-2025-qguard,
    title = "{QG}uard:Question-based Zero-shot Guard for Multi-modal {LLM} Safety",
    author = "Lee, Taegyeong  and
      Yoo, Jeonghwa  and
      Cho, Hyoungseo  and
      Kim, Soo Yong  and
      Maeng, Yunho",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.33/",
    pages = "373--382",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{boholm-etal-2025-leads,
    title = "Who leads? Who follows? Temporal dynamics of political dogwhistles in {S}wedish online communities",
    author = {Boholm, Max  and
      Rettenegger, Gregor  and
      Breitholtz, Ellen  and
      Cooper, Robin  and
      Lindgren, Elina  and
      R{\"o}nnerstrand, Bj{\"o}rn  and
      Sayeed, Asad},
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.34/",
    pages = "383--395",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{schirmer-etal-2025-detecting,
    title = "Detecting Child Objectification on Social Media: Challenges in Language Modeling",
    author = "Schirmer, Miriam  and
      Voggenreiter, Angelina  and
      Pfeffer, Juergen  and
      Horvat, Agnes",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.36/",
    pages = "396--412",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{ghorbanpour-etal-2025-prompting,
    title = "Can Prompting {LLM}s Unlock Hate Speech Detection across Languages? A Zero-shot and Few-shot Study",
    author = "Ghorbanpour, Faeze  and
      Dementieva, Daryna  and
      Fraser, Alexander",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.39/",
    pages = "413--425",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{laken-etal-2025-multilingual,
    title = "Multilingual Analysis of Narrative Properties in Conspiracist vs Mainstream Telegram Channels",
    author = "Laken, Katarina  and
      Melis, Matteo  and
      Tonelli, Sara  and
      Garcia, Marcos",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.41/",
    pages = "426--457",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{carvallo-etal-2025-hate,
    title = "Hate Explained: Evaluating {NER}-Enriched Text in Human and Machine Moderation of Hate Speech",
    author = "Carvallo, Andres  and
      Mendoza, Marcelo  and
      Fernandez, Miguel  and
      Ojeda, Maximiliano  and
      Guevara, Lilly  and
      Varela, Diego  and
      Borquez, Martin  and
      Buzeta, Nicolas  and
      Ayala, Felipe",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.42/",
    pages = "458--467",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{frohling-etal-2025-personas,
    title = "Personas with Attitudes: Controlling {LLM}s for Diverse Data Annotation",
    author = {Fr{\"o}hling, Leon  and
      Demartini, Gianluca  and
      Assenmacher, Dennis},
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.43/",
    pages = "468--481",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{schwarz-etal-2025-graph,
    title = "Graph of Attacks with Pruning: Optimizing Stealthy Jailbreak Prompt. Generation for Enhanced {LLM} Content Moderation",
    author = "Schwarz, Daniel  and
      Bespalov, Dmitriy  and
      Wang, Zhe  and
      Kulkarni, Ninad  and
      Qi, Yanjun",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.44/",
    pages = "482--489",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{melis-etal-2025-modular,
    title = "A Modular Taxonomy for Hate Speech Definitions and Its Impact on Zero-Shot {LLM} Classification Performance",
    author = "Melis, Matteo  and
      Lapesa, Gabriella  and
      Assenmacher, Dennis",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.45/",
    pages = "490--521",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{luo-etal-2025-red,
    title = "Red-Teaming for Uncovering Societal Bias in Large Language Models",
    author = "Luo, Chu Fei  and
      Ghawanmeh, Ahmad  and
      Coimbatore Murali, Kashyap  and
      Kumar, Bhimshetty Bharat  and
      Jadhav, Murli  and
      Zhu, Xiaodan  and
      Khan Khattak, Faiza",
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.46/",
    pages = "522--537",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}
@inproceedings{loftus-etal-2025-using,
    title = "Using {LLM}s and Preference Optimization for Agreement-Aware {H}ate{W}i{C} Classification",
    author = {Loftus, Sebastian  and
      M{\"u}lthaler, Adrian  and
      Hoeken, Sanne  and
      Zarrie{\ss}, Sina  and
      Alacam, Ozge},
    editor = "Calabrese, Agostina  and
      de Kock, Christine  and
      Nozza, Debora  and
      Plaza-del-Arco, Flor Miriam  and
      Talat, Zeerak  and
      Vargas, Francielle",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the The 9th Workshop on Online Abuse and Harms (WOAH)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/fix-opsupmap-display/2025.woah-1.47/",
    pages = "538--547",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-105-6"
}