Answering Ambiguous Questions via Iterative Prompting

Weiwei Sun, Hengyi Cai, Hongshen Chen, Pengjie Ren, Zhumin Chen, Maarten de Rijke, Zhaochun Ren


Abstract
In open-domain question answering, due to the ambiguity of questions, multiple plausible answers may exist. To provide feasible answers to an ambiguous question,one approach is to directly predict all valid answers, but this can struggle with balancing relevance and diversity. An alternative is to gather candidate answers and aggregate them, but this method can be computationally costly and may neglect dependencies among answers. In this paper, we present AmbigPrompt to address the imperfections of existing approaches to answering ambiguous questions. Specifically, we integrate an answering model with a prompting model in an iterative manner. The prompting model adaptively tracks the reading process and progressively triggers the answering model to compose distinct and relevant answers. Additionally, we develop a task-specific post-pretraining approach for both the answering model and the prompting model, which greatly improves the performance of our framework. Empirical studies on two commonly-used open benchmarks show that AmbigPrompt achieves state-of-the-art or competitive results while using less memory and having a lower inference latency than competing approaches. Additionally, AmbigPrompt also performs well in low-resource settings.
Anthology ID:
2023.acl-long.424
Volume:
Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
July
Year:
2023
Address:
Toronto, Canada
Editors:
Anna Rogers, Jordan Boyd-Graber, Naoaki Okazaki
Venue:
ACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
7669–7683
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.acl-long.424
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.acl-long.424
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Weiwei Sun, Hengyi Cai, Hongshen Chen, Pengjie Ren, Zhumin Chen, Maarten de Rijke, and Zhaochun Ren. 2023. Answering Ambiguous Questions via Iterative Prompting. In Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 7669–7683, Toronto, Canada. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Answering Ambiguous Questions via Iterative Prompting (Sun et al., ACL 2023)
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PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/emnlp22-frontmatter/2023.acl-long.424.pdf
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 https://preview.aclanthology.org/emnlp22-frontmatter/2023.acl-long.424.mp4