Empowering Language Models with Knowledge Graph Reasoning for Open-Domain Question Answering
Ziniu Hu, Yichong Xu, Wenhao Yu, Shuohang Wang, Ziyi Yang, Chenguang Zhu, Kai-Wei Chang, Yizhou Sun
Abstract
Answering open-domain questions requires world knowledge about in-context entities. As pre-trained Language Models (LMs) lack the power to store all required knowledge, external knowledge sources, such as knowledge graphs, are often used to augment LMs. In this work, we propose knOwledge REasOning empowered Language Model(OREO-LM), which consists of a novel Knowledge Interaction Layer that can be flexibly plugged into existing Transformer-based LMs to interact with a differentiable Knowledge Graph Reasoning module collaboratively. In this way, LM guides KG to walk towards the desired answer, while the retrieved knowledge improves LM.By adopting OREO-LM to RoBERTa and T5, we show significant performance gain, achieving state-of-art results in the Closed-Book setting. The performance enhancement is mainly from the KG reasoning’s capacity to infer missing relational facts. In addition, OREO-LM provides reasoning paths as rationales to interpret the model’s decision.- Anthology ID:
- 2022.emnlp-main.650
- Volume:
- Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
- Month:
- December
- Year:
- 2022
- Address:
- Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Editors:
- Yoav Goldberg, Zornitsa Kozareva, Yue Zhang
- Venue:
- EMNLP
- SIG:
- Publisher:
- Association for Computational Linguistics
- Note:
- Pages:
- 9562–9581
- Language:
- URL:
- https://aclanthology.org/2022.emnlp-main.650
- DOI:
- 10.18653/v1/2022.emnlp-main.650
- Cite (ACL):
- Ziniu Hu, Yichong Xu, Wenhao Yu, Shuohang Wang, Ziyi Yang, Chenguang Zhu, Kai-Wei Chang, and Yizhou Sun. 2022. Empowering Language Models with Knowledge Graph Reasoning for Open-Domain Question Answering. In Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 9562–9581, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Association for Computational Linguistics.
- Cite (Informal):
- Empowering Language Models with Knowledge Graph Reasoning for Open-Domain Question Answering (Hu et al., EMNLP 2022)
- PDF:
- https://preview.aclanthology.org/emnlp22-frontmatter/2022.emnlp-main.650.pdf