A Call for Clarity in Beam Search: How It Works and When It Stops

Jungo Kasai, Keisuke Sakaguchi, Ronan Le Bras, Dragomir Radev, Yejin Choi, Noah A. Smith


Abstract
Text generation with beam search has proven successful in a wide range of applications. We point out that, though largely overlooked in the literature, the commonly-used implementation of beam decoding (e.g., Hugging Face Transformers and fairseq) uses a first come, first served heuristic: it keeps a set of already completed sequences over time steps and stops when the size of this set reaches the beam size. Based on this finding, we introduce a patience factor, a simple modification to this beam decoding implementation, that generalizes the stopping criterion and provides flexibility to the depth of search. Empirical results demonstrate that adjusting this patience factor improves decoding performance of strong pretrained models on news text summarization and machine translation over diverse language pairs, with a negligible inference slowdown. Our approach only modifies one line of code and can be thus readily incorporated in any implementation. Further, we find that different versions of beam decoding result in large performance differences in summarization, demonstrating the need for clarity in specifying the beam search implementation in research work. Our code will be available upon publication.
Anthology ID:
2024.lrec-main.7
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)
Month:
May
Year:
2024
Address:
Torino, Italia
Editors:
Nicoletta Calzolari, Min-Yen Kan, Veronique Hoste, Alessandro Lenci, Sakriani Sakti, Nianwen Xue
Venues:
LREC | COLING
SIG:
Publisher:
ELRA and ICCL
Note:
Pages:
77–90
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.7
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Jungo Kasai, Keisuke Sakaguchi, Ronan Le Bras, Dragomir Radev, Yejin Choi, and Noah A. Smith. 2024. A Call for Clarity in Beam Search: How It Works and When It Stops. In Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024), pages 77–90, Torino, Italia. ELRA and ICCL.
Cite (Informal):
A Call for Clarity in Beam Search: How It Works and When It Stops (Kasai et al., LREC-COLING 2024)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/dois-2013-emnlp/2024.lrec-main.7.pdf