DISCERN: Decoding Systematic Errors in Natural Language for Text Classifiers

Rakesh R Menon, Shashank Srivastava


Abstract
Despite their high predictive accuracies, current machine learning systems often exhibit systematic biases stemming from annotation artifacts or insufficient support for certain classes in the dataset. Recent work proposes automatic methods for identifying and explaining systematic biases using keywords. We introduce DISCERN, a framework for interpreting systematic biases in text classifiers using language explanations. DISCERN iteratively generates precise natural language descriptions of systematic errors by employing an interactive loop between two large language models. Finally, we use the descriptions to improve classifiers by augmenting classifier training sets with synthetically generated instances or annotated examples via active learning. On three text-classification datasets, we demonstrate that language explanations from our framework induce consistent performance improvements that go beyond what is achievable with exemplars of systematic bias. Finally, in human evaluations, we show that users can interpret systematic biases more effectively (by over 25% relative) and efficiently when described through language explanations as opposed to cluster exemplars.
Anthology ID:
2024.emnlp-main.1091
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Month:
November
Year:
2024
Address:
Miami, Florida, USA
Editors:
Yaser Al-Onaizan, Mohit Bansal, Yun-Nung Chen
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
19565–19583
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-main.1091
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.1091
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Rakesh R Menon and Shashank Srivastava. 2024. DISCERN: Decoding Systematic Errors in Natural Language for Text Classifiers. In Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 19565–19583, Miami, Florida, USA. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
DISCERN: Decoding Systematic Errors in Natural Language for Text Classifiers (R Menon & Srivastava, EMNLP 2024)
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PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/dois-2013-emnlp/2024.emnlp-main.1091.pdf