Quick Back-Translation for Unsupervised Machine Translation

Benjamin Brimacombe, Jiawei Zhou


Abstract
The field of unsupervised machine translation has seen significant advancement from the marriage of the Transformer and the back-translation algorithm. The Transformer is a powerful generative model, and back-translation leverages Transformer’s high-quality translations for iterative self-improvement. However, the Transformer is encumbered by the run-time of autoregressive inference during back-translation, and back-translation is limited by a lack of synthetic data efficiency. We propose a two-for-one improvement to Transformer back-translation: Quick Back-Translation (QBT). QBT re-purposes the encoder as a generative model, and uses encoder-generated sequences to train the decoder in conjunction with the original autoregressive back-translation step, improving data throughput and utilization. Experiments on various WMT benchmarks demonstrate that a relatively small number of refining steps of QBT improve current unsupervised machine translation models, and that QBT dramatically outperforms standard back-translation only method in terms of training efficiency for comparable translation qualities.
Anthology ID:
2023.findings-emnlp.571
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2023
Month:
December
Year:
2023
Address:
Singapore
Editors:
Houda Bouamor, Juan Pino, Kalika Bali
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
8521–8534
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-emnlp.571
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.findings-emnlp.571
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Benjamin Brimacombe and Jiawei Zhou. 2023. Quick Back-Translation for Unsupervised Machine Translation. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2023, pages 8521–8534, Singapore. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Quick Back-Translation for Unsupervised Machine Translation (Brimacombe & Zhou, Findings 2023)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/dois-2013-emnlp/2023.findings-emnlp.571.pdf