Hence, Socrates is mortal: A Benchmark for Natural Language Syllogistic Reasoning

Yongkang Wu, Meng Han, Yutao Zhu, Lei Li, Xinyu Zhang, Ruofei Lai, Xiaoguang Li, Yuanhang Ren, Zhicheng Dou, Zhao Cao


Abstract
Syllogistic reasoning, a typical form of deductive reasoning, is a critical capability widely required in natural language understanding tasks, such as text entailment and question answering. To better facilitate research on syllogistic reasoning, we develop a benchmark called SylloBase that differs from existing syllogistic datasets in three aspects: (1) Covering a complete taxonomy of syllogism reasoning patterns; (2) Containing both automatically and manually constructed samples; and (3) Involving both the generation and understanding tasks. We automatically construct 50k template-based syllogism samples by mining syllogism patterns from Wikidata and ConceptNet. To improve our dataset’s naturalness and challenge, we apply GPT-3 to paraphrase the template-based data and further manually rewrite 1,000 samples as the test set. State-of-the-art pre-trained language models can achieve the best generation ROUGE-L of 38.72 by T5 and the best multi-choice accuracy of 72.77% by RoBERTa on SylloBase, which indicates the great challenge of learning diverse syllogistic reasoning types on SylloBase. Our datasets are released at https://github.com/casually-PYlearner/SYLLOBASE.
Anthology ID:
2023.findings-acl.148
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2023
Month:
July
Year:
2023
Address:
Toronto, Canada
Editors:
Anna Rogers, Jordan Boyd-Graber, Naoaki Okazaki
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
2347–2367
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.findings-acl.148
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.findings-acl.148
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Yongkang Wu, Meng Han, Yutao Zhu, Lei Li, Xinyu Zhang, Ruofei Lai, Xiaoguang Li, Yuanhang Ren, Zhicheng Dou, and Zhao Cao. 2023. Hence, Socrates is mortal: A Benchmark for Natural Language Syllogistic Reasoning. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2023, pages 2347–2367, Toronto, Canada. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Hence, Socrates is mortal: A Benchmark for Natural Language Syllogistic Reasoning (Wu et al., Findings 2023)
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PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/dois-2013-emnlp/2023.findings-acl.148.pdf