@proceedings{ws-2019-innovative,
    title = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4400/"
}
@inproceedings{loukina-etal-2019-many,
    title = "The many dimensions of algorithmic fairness in educational applications",
    author = "Loukina, Anastassia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Zechner, Klaus",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4401/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4401",
    pages = "1--10"
}
@inproceedings{ha-etal-2019-predicting,
    title = "Predicting the Difficulty of Multiple Choice Questions in a High-stakes Medical Exam",
    author = "Ha, Le An  and
      Yaneva, Victoria  and
      Baldwin, Peter  and
      Mee, Janet",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4402/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4402",
    pages = "11--20"
}
@inproceedings{zhou-etal-2019-intelligent,
    title = "An Intelligent Testing Strategy for Vocabulary Assessment of {C}hinese Second Language Learners",
    author = "Zhou, Wei  and
      Hu, Renfen  and
      Sun, Feipeng  and
      Huang, Ronghuai",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4403/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4403",
    pages = "21--29"
}
@inproceedings{weiss-etal-2019-computationally,
    title = "Computationally Modeling the Impact of Task-Appropriate Language Complexity and Accuracy on Human Grading of {G}erman Essays",
    author = {Weiss, Zarah  and
      Riemenschneider, Anja  and
      Schr{\"o}ter, Pauline  and
      Meurers, Detmar},
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4404/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4404",
    pages = "30--45"
}
@inproceedings{snajder-etal-2019-analysing,
    title = "Analysing Rhetorical Structure as a Key Feature of Summary Coherence",
    author = "{\v{S}}najder, Jan  and
      Sladoljev-Agejev, Tamara  and
      Koli{\'c} Vehovec, Svjetlana",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4405/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4405",
    pages = "46--51"
}
@inproceedings{bryant-etal-2019-bea,
    title = "The {BEA}-2019 Shared Task on Grammatical Error Correction",
    author = "Bryant, Christopher  and
      Felice, Mariano  and
      Andersen, {\O}istein E.  and
      Briscoe, Ted",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4406/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4406",
    pages = "52--75"
}
@inproceedings{flor-etal-2019-benchmark,
    title = "A Benchmark Corpus of {E}nglish Misspellings and a Minimally-supervised Model for Spelling Correction",
    author = "Flor, Michael  and
      Fried, Michael  and
      Rozovskaya, Alla",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4407/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4407",
    pages = "76--86"
}
@inproceedings{qiu-park-2019-artificial,
    title = "Artificial Error Generation with Fluency Filtering",
    author = "Qiu, Mengyang  and
      Park, Jungyeul",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4408/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4408",
    pages = "87--91"
}
@inproceedings{johan-berggren-etal-2019-regression,
    title = "Regression or classification? Automated Essay Scoring for {N}orwegian",
    author = "Johan Berggren, Stig  and
      Rama, Taraka  and
      {\O}vrelid, Lilja",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4409/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4409",
    pages = "92--102"
}
@inproceedings{bell-etal-2019-context,
    title = "Context is Key: Grammatical Error Detection with Contextual Word Representations",
    author = "Bell, Samuel  and
      Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Rei, Marek",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4410/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4410",
    pages = "103--115"
}
@inproceedings{riordan-etal-2019-account,
    title = "How to account for mispellings: Quantifying the benefit of character representations in neural content scoring models",
    author = "Riordan, Brian  and
      Flor, Michael  and
      Pugh, Robert",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4411/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4411",
    pages = "116--126"
}
@inproceedings{alikaniotis-raheja-2019-unreasonable,
    title = "The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Transformer Language Models in Grammatical Error Correction",
    author = "Alikaniotis, Dimitris  and
      Raheja, Vipul",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4412/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4412",
    pages = "127--133"
}
@inproceedings{katsumata-komachi-2019-almost,
    title = "(Almost) Unsupervised Grammatical Error Correction using Synthetic Comparable Corpus",
    author = "Katsumata, Satoru  and
      Komachi, Mamoru",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4413/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4413",
    pages = "134--138"
}
@inproceedings{kantor-etal-2019-learning,
    title = "Learning to combine Grammatical Error Corrections",
    author = "Kantor, Yoav  and
      Katz, Yoav  and
      Choshen, Leshem  and
      Cohen-Karlik, Edo  and
      Liberman, Naftali  and
      Toledo, Assaf  and
      Menczel, Amir  and
      Slonim, Noam",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4414/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4414",
    pages = "139--148"
}
@inproceedings{xu-etal-2019-erroneous,
    title = "Erroneous data generation for Grammatical Error Correction",
    author = "Xu, Shuyao  and
      Zhang, Jiehao  and
      Chen, Jin  and
      Qin, Long",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4415/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4415",
    pages = "149--158"
}
@inproceedings{li-etal-2019-laix,
    title = "The {LAIX} Systems in the {BEA}-2019 {GEC} Shared Task",
    author = "Li, Ruobing  and
      Wang, Chuan  and
      Zha, Yefei  and
      Yu, Yonghong  and
      Guo, Shiman  and
      Wang, Qiang  and
      Liu, Yang  and
      Lin, Hui",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4416/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4416",
    pages = "159--167"
}
@inproceedings{stahlberg-byrne-2019-cueds,
    title = "The {CUED}{'}s Grammatical Error Correction Systems for {BEA}-2019",
    author = "Stahlberg, Felix  and
      Byrne, Bill",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4417/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4417",
    pages = "168--175"
}
@inproceedings{asano-etal-2019-aip,
    title = "The {AIP}-Tohoku System at the {BEA}-2019 Shared Task",
    author = "Asano, Hiroki  and
      Mita, Masato  and
      Mizumoto, Tomoya  and
      Suzuki, Jun",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4418/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4418",
    pages = "176--182"
}
@inproceedings{naplava-straka-2019-cuni,
    title = "{CUNI} System for the Building Educational Applications 2019 Shared Task: Grammatical Error Correction",
    author = "N{\'a}plava, Jakub  and
      Straka, Milan",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4419/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4419",
    pages = "183--190"
}
@inproceedings{flachs-etal-2019-noisy,
    title = "Noisy Channel for Low Resource Grammatical Error Correction",
    author = "Flachs, Simon  and
      Lacroix, Oph{\'e}lie  and
      S{\o}gaard, Anders",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4420/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4420",
    pages = "191--196"
}
@inproceedings{yang-wang-2019-blcu,
    title = "The {BLCU} System in the {BEA} 2019 Shared Task",
    author = "Yang, Liner  and
      Wang, Chencheng",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4421/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4421",
    pages = "197--206"
}
@inproceedings{kaneko-etal-2019-tmu,
    title = "{TMU} Transformer System Using {BERT} for Re-ranking at {BEA} 2019 Grammatical Error Correction on Restricted Track",
    author = "Kaneko, Masahiro  and
      Hotate, Kengo  and
      Katsumata, Satoru  and
      Komachi, Mamoru",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4422/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4422",
    pages = "207--212"
}
@inproceedings{choe-etal-2019-neural,
    title = "A Neural Grammatical Error Correction System Built On Better Pre-training and Sequential Transfer Learning",
    author = "Choe, Yo Joong  and
      Ham, Jiyeon  and
      Park, Kyubyong  and
      Yoon, Yeoil",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4423/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4423",
    pages = "213--227"
}
@inproceedings{yuan-etal-2019-neural,
    title = "Neural and {FST}-based approaches to grammatical error correction",
    author = "Yuan, Zheng  and
      Stahlberg, Felix  and
      Rei, Marek  and
      Byrne, Bill  and
      Yannakoudakis, Helen",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4424/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4424",
    pages = "228--239"
}
@inproceedings{qiu-etal-2019-improving,
    title = "Improving Precision of Grammatical Error Correction with a Cheat Sheet",
    author = "Qiu, Mengyang  and
      Chen, Xuejiao  and
      Liu, Maggie  and
      Parvathala, Krishna  and
      Patil, Apurva  and
      Park, Jungyeul",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4425/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4425",
    pages = "240--245"
}
@inproceedings{didenko-shaptala-2019-multi,
    title = "Multi-headed Architecture Based on {BERT} for Grammatical Errors Correction",
    author = "Didenko, Bohdan  and
      Shaptala, Julia",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4426/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4426",
    pages = "246--251"
}
@inproceedings{grundkiewicz-etal-2019-neural,
    title = "Neural Grammatical Error Correction Systems with Unsupervised Pre-training on Synthetic Data",
    author = "Grundkiewicz, Roman  and
      Junczys-Dowmunt, Marcin  and
      Heafield, Kenneth",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4427/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4427",
    pages = "252--263"
}
@inproceedings{bhalla-klimcikova-2019-evaluation,
    title = "Evaluation of automatic collocation extraction methods for language learning",
    author = "Bhalla, Vishal  and
      Klimcikova, Klara",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4428/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4428",
    pages = "264--274"
}
@inproceedings{markov-etal-2019-anglicized,
    title = "Anglicized Words and Misspelled Cognates in Native Language Identification",
    author = "Markov, Ilia  and
      Nastase, Vivi  and
      Strapparava, Carlo",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4429/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4429",
    pages = "275--284"
}
@inproceedings{miaschi-etal-2019-linguistically,
    title = "Linguistically-Driven Strategy for Concept Prerequisites Learning on {I}talian",
    author = "Miaschi, Alessio  and
      Alzetta, Chiara  and
      Cardillo, Franco Alberto  and
      Dell{'}Orletta, Felice",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4430/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4430",
    pages = "285--295"
}
@inproceedings{arai-etal-2019-grammatical,
    title = "Grammatical-Error-Aware Incorrect Example Retrieval System for Learners of {J}apanese as a Second Language",
    author = "Arai, Mio  and
      Kaneko, Masahiro  and
      Komachi, Mamoru",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4431/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4431",
    pages = "296--305"
}
@inproceedings{yoon-etal-2019-toward,
    title = "Toward Automated Content Feedback Generation for Non-native Spontaneous Speech",
    author = "Yoon, Su-Youn  and
      Hsieh, Ching-Ni  and
      Zechner, Klaus  and
      Mulholland, Matthew  and
      Wang, Yuan  and
      Madnani, Nitin",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4432/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4432",
    pages = "306--315"
}
@inproceedings{mizumoto-etal-2019-analytic,
    title = "Analytic Score Prediction and Justification Identification in Automated Short Answer Scoring",
    author = "Mizumoto, Tomoya  and
      Ouchi, Hiroki  and
      Isobe, Yoriko  and
      Reisert, Paul  and
      Nagata, Ryo  and
      Sekine, Satoshi  and
      Inui, Kentaro",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4433/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4433",
    pages = "316--325"
}
@inproceedings{shah-etal-2019-content,
    title = "Content Customization for Micro Learning using Human Augmented {AI} Techniques",
    author = "Shah, Ayush  and
      Abuelsaad, Tamer  and
      Ahn, Jae-Wook  and
      Dey, Prasenjit  and
      Kokku, Ravi  and
      Sharma Mittal, Ruhi  and
      Vempaty, Aditya  and
      Sharma, Mourvi",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4434/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4434",
    pages = "326--335"
}
@inproceedings{raamadhurai-etal-2019-curio,
    title = "Curio {S}mart{C}hat : A system for Natural Language Question Answering for Self-Paced K-12 Learning",
    author = "Raamadhurai, Srikrishna  and
      Baker, Ryan  and
      Poduval, Vikraman",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4435/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4435",
    pages = "336--342"
}
@inproceedings{gecchele-etal-2019-supporting,
    title = "Supporting content evaluation of student summaries by Idea Unit embedding",
    author = "Gecchele, Marcello  and
      Yamada, Hiroaki  and
      Tokunaga, Takenobu  and
      Sawaki, Yasuyo",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4436/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4436",
    pages = "343--348"
}
@inproceedings{vajjala-lucic-2019-understanding,
    title = "On Understanding the Relation between Expert Annotations of Text Readability and Target Reader Comprehension",
    author = "Vajjala, Sowmya  and
      Lucic, Ivana",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4437/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4437",
    pages = "349--359"
}
@inproceedings{forti-etal-2019-measuring,
    title = "Measuring Text Complexity for {I}talian as a Second Language Learning Purposes",
    author = "Forti, Luciana  and
      Milani, Alfredo  and
      Piersanti, Luisa  and
      Santarelli, Filippo  and
      Santucci, Valentino  and
      Spina, Stefania",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4438/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4438",
    pages = "360--368"
}
@inproceedings{renduchintala-etal-2019-simple,
    title = "Simple Construction of Mixed-Language Texts for Vocabulary Learning",
    author = "Renduchintala, Adithya  and
      Koehn, Philipp  and
      Eisner, Jason",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4439/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4439",
    pages = "369--379"
}
@inproceedings{weiss-meurers-2019-analyzing,
    title = "Analyzing Linguistic Complexity and Accuracy in Academic Language Development of {G}erman across Elementary and Secondary School",
    author = "Weiss, Zarah  and
      Meurers, Detmar",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4440/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4440",
    pages = "380--393"
}
@inproceedings{yoon-lee-2019-content,
    title = "Content Modeling for Automated Oral Proficiency Scoring System",
    author = "Yoon, Su-Youn  and
      Lee, Chong Min",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4441/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4441",
    pages = "394--401"
}
@inproceedings{mondal-etal-2019-learning,
    title = "Learning Outcomes and Their Relatedness in a Medical Curriculum",
    author = "Mondal, Sneha  and
      Dhamecha, Tejas  and
      Godbole, Shantanu  and
      Pathak, Smriti  and
      Mendoza, Red  and
      Wijayarathna, K Gayathri  and
      Zary, Nabil  and
      Saha, Swarnadeep  and
      Chetlur, Malolan",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4442/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4442",
    pages = "402--411"
}
@inproceedings{benzahra-yvon-2019-measuring,
    title = "Measuring text readability with machine comprehension: a pilot study",
    author = "Benzahra, Marc  and
      Yvon, Fran{\c{c}}ois",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4443/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4443",
    pages = "412--422"
}
@inproceedings{clausen-nastase-2019-metaphors,
    title = "Metaphors in Text Simplification: To change or not to change, that is the question",
    author = "Clausen, Yulia  and
      Nastase, Vivi",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4444/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4444",
    pages = "423--434"
}
@inproceedings{wang-etal-2019-application,
    title = "Application of an Automatic Plagiarism Detection System in a Large-scale Assessment of {E}nglish Speaking Proficiency",
    author = "Wang, Xinhao  and
      Evanini, Keelan  and
      Mulholland, Matthew  and
      Qian, Yao  and
      Bruno, James V.",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4445/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4445",
    pages = "435--443"
}
@inproceedings{mayfield-etal-2019-equity,
    title = "Equity Beyond Bias in Language Technologies for Education",
    author = "Mayfield, Elijah  and
      Madaio, Michael  and
      Prabhumoye, Shrimai  and
      Gerritsen, David  and
      McLaughlin, Brittany  and
      Dixon-Rom{\'a}n, Ezekiel  and
      Black, Alan W",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4446/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4446",
    pages = "444--460"
}
@inproceedings{huang-etal-2019-receptive,
    title = "From Receptive to Productive: Learning to Use Confusing Words through Automatically Selected Example Sentences",
    author = "Huang, Chieh-Yang  and
      Huang, Yi-Ting  and
      Chen, MeiHua  and
      Ku, Lun-Wei",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4447/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4447",
    pages = "461--471"
}
@inproceedings{sakakini-etal-2019-equipping,
    title = "Equipping Educational Applications with Domain Knowledge",
    author = "Sakakini, Tarek  and
      Gong, Hongyu  and
      Lee, Jong Yoon  and
      Schloss, Robert  and
      Xiong, JinJun  and
      Bhat, Suma",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4448/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4448",
    pages = "472--477"
}
@inproceedings{htut-tetreault-2019-unbearable,
    title = "The Unbearable Weight of Generating Artificial Errors for Grammatical Error Correction",
    author = "Htut, Phu Mon  and
      Tetreault, Joel",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4449/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4449",
    pages = "478--483"
}
@inproceedings{nadeem-etal-2019-automated,
    title = "Automated Essay Scoring with Discourse-Aware Neural Models",
    author = "Nadeem, Farah  and
      Nguyen, Huy  and
      Liu, Yang  and
      Ostendorf, Mari",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4450/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4450",
    pages = "484--493"
}
@inproceedings{hou-etal-2019-modeling,
    title = "Modeling language learning using specialized Elo rating",
    author = "Hou, Jue  and
      Koppatz, Maximilian W.  and
      Hoya Quecedo, Jos{\'e} Mar{\'i}a  and
      Stoyanova, Nataliya  and
      Kopotev, Mikhail  and
      Yangarber, Roman",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4451/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4451",
    pages = "494--506"
}
@inproceedings{gao-etal-2019-rubric,
    title = "Rubric Reliability and Annotation of Content and Argument in Source-Based Argument Essays",
    author = "Gao, Yanjun  and
      Driban, Alex  and
      Xavier McManus, Brennan  and
      Musi, Elena  and
      Davies, Patricia  and
      Muresan, Smaranda  and
      Passonneau, Rebecca J.",
    editor = "Yannakoudakis, Helen  and
      Kochmar, Ekaterina  and
      Leacock, Claudia  and
      Madnani, Nitin  and
      Pil{\'a}n, Ildik{\'o}  and
      Zesch, Torsten",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourteenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications",
    month = aug,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Florence, Italy",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/credits/W19-4452/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-4452",
    pages = "507--518"
}