Recently, there has been significant interest in replacing the reward model in Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) methods for Large Language Models (LLMs), such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) and its variants. These approaches commonly use a binary cross-entropy mechanism on pairwise samples, i.e., minimizing and maximizing the loss based on preferred or dis-preferred responses, respectively. However, while this training strategy omits the reward model, it also overlooks the varying preference degrees within different responses. We hypothesize that this is a key factor hindering LLMs from sufficiently understanding human preferences. To address this problem, we propose a novel Self-supervised Preference Optimization (SPO) framework, which constructs a self-supervised preference degree loss combined with the alignment loss, thereby helping LLMs improve their ability to understand the degree of preference. Extensive experiments are conducted on two widely used datasets of different tasks. The results demonstrate that SPO can be seamlessly integrated with existing preference optimization methods and significantly boost their performance to achieve state-of-the-art performance. We also conduct detailed analyses to offer comprehensive insights into SPO, which verifies its effectiveness. The code is available at https://github.com/lijian16/SPO.

Advanced language models with impressive capabilities to process textual information can more effectively extract high-quality triples, which are the building blocks of knowledge graphs. Our work examines language models’ abilities to extract entities and the relationships between them. We use a diverse data augmentation process to fine-tune large language models to extract triples from the text. Fine-tuning is performed using a mix of trainers from HuggingFace and five public datasets, such as different variations of the WebNLG, SKE, DocRed, FewRel, and KELM. Evaluation involves comparing model outputs with test-set triples based on several criteria, such as type, partial, exact, and strict accuracy.The obtained results outperform ChatGPT and even match or exceed the performance of GPT-4.