SEME at SemEval-2024 Task 2: Comparing Masked and Generative Language Models on Natural Language Inference for Clinical Trials

Mathilde Aguiar, Pierre Zweigenbaum, Nona Naderi


Abstract
This paper describes our submission to Task 2 of SemEval-2024: Safe Biomedical Natural Language Inference for Clinical Trials. The Multi-evidence Natural Language Inference for Clinical Trial Data (NLI4CT) consists of a Textual Entailment (TE) task focused on the evaluation of the consistency and faithfulness of Natural Language Inference (NLI) models applied to Clinical Trial Reports (CTR). We test 2 distinct approaches, one based on finetuning and ensembling Masked Language Models and the other based on prompting Large Language Models using templates, in particular, using Chain-Of-Thought and Contrastive Chain-Of-Thought. Prompting Flan-T5-large in a 2-shot setting leads to our best system that achieves 0.57 F1 score, 0.64 Faithfulness, and 0.56 Consistency.
Anthology ID:
2024.semeval-1.143
Volume:
Proceedings of the 18th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2024)
Month:
June
Year:
2024
Address:
Mexico City, Mexico
Editors:
Atul Kr. Ojha, A. Seza Doğruöz, Harish Tayyar Madabushi, Giovanni Da San Martino, Sara Rosenthal, Aiala Rosá
Venue:
SemEval
SIG:
SIGLEX
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
986–996
Language:
URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/build-pipeline-with-new-library/2024.semeval-1.143/
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2024.semeval-1.143
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Mathilde Aguiar, Pierre Zweigenbaum, and Nona Naderi. 2024. SEME at SemEval-2024 Task 2: Comparing Masked and Generative Language Models on Natural Language Inference for Clinical Trials. In Proceedings of the 18th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2024), pages 986–996, Mexico City, Mexico. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
SEME at SemEval-2024 Task 2: Comparing Masked and Generative Language Models on Natural Language Inference for Clinical Trials (Aguiar et al., SemEval 2024)
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PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/build-pipeline-with-new-library/2024.semeval-1.143.pdf
Supplementarymaterial:
 2024.semeval-1.143.SupplementaryMaterial.txt
Supplementarymaterial:
 2024.semeval-1.143.SupplementaryMaterial.zip