A Question Answering Framework for Decontextualizing User-facing Snippets from Scientific Documents

Benjamin Newman, Luca Soldaini, Raymond Fok, Arman Cohan, Kyle Lo


Abstract
Many real-world applications (e.g., note taking, search) require extracting a sentence or paragraph from a document and showing that snippet to a human outside of the source document. Yet, users may find snippets difficult to understand as they lack context from the original document. In this work, we use language models to rewrite snippets from scientific documents to be read on their own. First, we define the requirements and challenges for this user-facing decontextualization task, such as clarifying where edits occur and handling references to other documents. Second, we propose a framework that decomposes the task into three stages: question generation, question answering, and rewriting. Using this framework, we collect gold decontextualizations from experienced scientific article readers. We then conduct a range of experiments across state-of-the-art commercial and open-source language models to identify how to best provide missing-but-relevant information to models for our task. Finally, we develop QaDecontext, a simple prompting strategy inspired by our framework that improves over end-to-end prompting. We conclude with analysis that finds, while rewriting is easy, question generation and answering remain challenging for today’s models.
Anthology ID:
2023.emnlp-main.193
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Month:
December
Year:
2023
Address:
Singapore
Editors:
Houda Bouamor, Juan Pino, Kalika Bali
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
3194–3212
Language:
URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/build-pipeline-with-new-library/2023.emnlp-main.193/
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.emnlp-main.193
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Benjamin Newman, Luca Soldaini, Raymond Fok, Arman Cohan, and Kyle Lo. 2023. A Question Answering Framework for Decontextualizing User-facing Snippets from Scientific Documents. In Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 3194–3212, Singapore. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
A Question Answering Framework for Decontextualizing User-facing Snippets from Scientific Documents (Newman et al., EMNLP 2023)
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PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/build-pipeline-with-new-library/2023.emnlp-main.193.pdf
Video:
 https://preview.aclanthology.org/build-pipeline-with-new-library/2023.emnlp-main.193.mp4