Logical Fallacy Detection

Zhijing Jin, Abhinav Lalwani, Tejas Vaidhya, Xiaoyu Shen, Yiwen Ding, Zhiheng Lyu, Mrinmaya Sachan, Rada Mihalcea, Bernhard Schoelkopf


Abstract
Reasoning is central to human intelligence. However, fallacious arguments are common, and some exacerbate problems such as spreading misinformation about climate change. In this paper, we propose the task of logical fallacy detection, and provide a new dataset (Logic) of logical fallacies generally found in text, together with an additional challenge set for detecting logical fallacies in climate change claims (LogicClimate). Detecting logical fallacies is a hard problem as the model must understand the underlying logical structure of the argument. We find that existing pretrained large language models perform poorly on this task. In contrast, we show that a simple structure-aware classifier outperforms the best language model by 5.46% F1 scores on Logic and 4.51% on LogicClimate. We encourage future work to explore this task since (a) it can serve as a new reasoning challenge for language models, and (b) it can have potential applications in tackling the spread of misinformation. Our dataset and code are available at https://github.com/causalNLP/logical-fallacy
Anthology ID:
2022.findings-emnlp.532
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2022
Month:
December
Year:
2022
Address:
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Editors:
Yoav Goldberg, Zornitsa Kozareva, Yue Zhang
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
7180–7198
Language:
URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/build-pipeline-with-new-library/2022.findings-emnlp.532/
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2022.findings-emnlp.532
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Zhijing Jin, Abhinav Lalwani, Tejas Vaidhya, Xiaoyu Shen, Yiwen Ding, Zhiheng Lyu, Mrinmaya Sachan, Rada Mihalcea, and Bernhard Schoelkopf. 2022. Logical Fallacy Detection. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2022, pages 7180–7198, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Logical Fallacy Detection (Jin et al., Findings 2022)
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PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/build-pipeline-with-new-library/2022.findings-emnlp.532.pdf
Video:
 https://preview.aclanthology.org/build-pipeline-with-new-library/2022.findings-emnlp.532.mp4