Emotion recognition in conversations (ERC) has garnered significant attention from the research community. However, due to the complexity of visual scenes and dialogue contextual dependencies in conversations, previous ERC methods fail to handle emotional cues from both visual sources and discourse structures. Furthermore, existing state-of-the-art ERC models are trained and tested separately on each single ERC dataset, not verifying their effectiveness across multiple datasets simultaneously. To address these challenges, this paper proposes an innovative framework for ERC, called Dialogue Scenes Understanding Enhanced Multi-modal Multi-task Tuning (DialogueMMT). More concretely, a novel video-language connector is applied within the large vision-language model for capturing video features effectively. Additionally, we utilize multi-task instruction tuning with a unified ERC dataset to enhance the model’s understanding of multi-modal dialogue scenes and employ a chain-of-thought strategy to improve emotion classification performance. Extensive experimental results on three benchmark ERC datasets indicate that the proposed DialogueMMT framework consistently outperforms existing state-of-the-art approaches in terms of overall performance.

Entities are important to understanding literary works, which emphasize characters, plots and environment. The research on entity recognition, especially nested entity recognition in the literary domain is still insufficient partly due to insufficient annotated data. To address this issue, we construct the first Genre-oriented Corpus for Entity Recognition in Chinese Web Novels, namely GenWebNovel, comprising 400 chapters totaling 1,214,283 tokens under two genres, XuanHuan (Eastern Fantasy) and History. Based on the corpus, we analyze the distribution of different types of entities, including person, location, and organization. We also compare the nesting patterns of nested entities between GenWebNovel and the English corpus LitBank. Even though both belong to the literary domain, entities in different genres share few overlaps, making genre adaptation of NER (Named Entity Recognition) a hard problem. We propose a novel method that utilizes a pre-trained language model as an In-context learning example retriever to boost the performance of large language models. Our experiments show that this approach significantly enhances entity recognition, matching state-of-the-art (SOTA) models without requiring additional training data. Our code, dataset, and model are available at https://github.com/hjzhao73/GenWebNovel.

In recent years, fine-grained sentiment analysis in finance has gained significant attention, but the scarcity of entity-level datasets remains a key challenge. To address this, we have constructed the largest English and Chinese financial entity-level sentiment analysis datasets to date. Building on this foundation, we propose a novel two-stage sentiment analysis approach called Self-aware In-context Learning Correction (SILC). The first stage involves fine-tuning a base large language model to generate pseudo-labeled data specific to our task. In the second stage, we train a correction model using a GNN-based example retriever, which is informed by the pseudo-labeled data. This two-stage strategy has allowed us to achieve state-of-the-art performance on the newly constructed datasets, advancing the field of financial sentiment analysis. In a case study, we demonstrate the enhanced practical utility of our data and methods in monitoring the cryptocurrency market. Our datasets and code are available at https://github.com/NLP-Bin/SILC-EFSA.

This paper focuses on Dialogue Aspect-based Sentiment Quadruple (DiaASQ) analysis, aiming to extract structured quadruples from multi-turn conversations. Applying Large Language Models (LLMs) for this specific task presents two primary challenges: the accurate extraction of multiple elements and the understanding of complex dialogue reply structure. To tackle these issues, we propose a novel LLM-based multi-task approach, named Task-aware Contrastive Mixture of Experts (TaCoMoE), to tackle the DiaASQ task by integrating expert-level contrastive loss within task-oriented mixture of experts layer. TaCoMoE minimizes the distance between the representations of the same expert in the semantic space while maximizing the distance between the representations of different experts to efficiently learn representations of different task samples. Additionally, we design a Graph-Centric Dialogue Structuring strategy for representing dialogue reply structure and perform non-opinion utterances detection to enhance the performance of quadruple extraction. Extensive experiments are conducted on the DiaASQ dataset, demonstrating that our method significantly outperforms existing parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques in terms of both accuracy and computational efficiency. The code is available at https://github.com/he2720/TaCoMoE.

Mitigating social bias in large language models (LLMs) has become an increasingly important research objective. However, existing debiasing methods often incur high human and computational costs, exhibit limited effectiveness, and struggle to scale to larger models and open-ended generation tasks. To address these limitations, this paper proposes BiasFilter, a model-agnostic, inference-time debiasing framework that integrates seamlessly with both open-source and API-based LLMs. Instead of relying on retraining with balanced data or modifying model parameters, BiasFilter enforces fairness by filtering generation outputs in real time. Specifically, it periodically evaluates intermediate outputs every few tokens, maintains an active set of candidate continuations, and incrementally completes generation by discarding low-reward segments based on a fairness reward signal. To support this process, we construct a fairness preference dataset and train an implicit reward model to assess token-level fairness in generated responses. Extensive experiments demonstrate that BiasFilter effectively mitigates social bias across a range of LLMs while preserving overall generation quality.

Social media has become a crucial platform for information dissemination and opinion expression. The massive and continuous generation of user content has given rise to various natural language processing tasks, such as sentiment analysis and topic classification. However, existing mainstream approaches typically focus on modeling individual tasks in isolation, lacking systematic exploration of collaborative modeling across multiple tasks. This neglects the inherent correlations among social media tasks, thereby limiting the model’s ability to fully comprehend and exploit the rich, multi-dimensional semantic information embedded in text. To address this challenge, we propose Task-adaptive Contrastive Learning with Cooperative Mixture of Experts (TaCL-CoMoE), a unified framework for social media multi-task learning. Specifically, we improve the gating mechanism by replacing the traditional softmax routing with sigmoid activation, enabling cooperative selection among multiple experts and mitigating the “expert monopoly” phenomenon. In addition, we introduce a task-adaptive contrastive learning strategy to further enhance the model’s ability to capture and distinguish semantic structures across different tasks. Experimental results on multiple public social media datasets demonstrate that TaCL-CoMoE consistently achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance. The code is available at https://github.com/wxr2847/TaCL-CoMoE.

Entity-level sentiment analysis is becoming increasingly important in the context of diverse financial texts, and large language models demonstrate significant potential under zero-shot settings. While it is well recognized that different languages embody distinct cognitive patterns, the use of multilingual capabilities in large language models to enable cross-lingual collaborative reasoning in the financial domain remains insufficiently studied. To address this, we propose a Cross-Lingual Collaboration (CLC) method: first, financial texts are aligned from one language to another based on semantic and syntactic structures, enabling the model to capture complementary linguistic features. Then, we integrate sentiment analysis results from both languages through redundancy removal and conflict resolution, enhancing the effectiveness of cross-lingual collaboration. Our experiments cover seven languages from three language families, including six UN official languages, and evaluate CLC on two English datasets and one Chinese dataset. Results show that multilingual collaboration improves sentiment analysis accuracy, especially among linguistically similar languages. Furthermore, stronger reasoning capabilities in LLMs amplify these benefits. Our code is available at https://anonymous.4open.science/r/Cross-lingual-Collaboration.

Multi-domain aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) seeks to capture fine-grained sentiment across diverse domains. While existing research narrowly focuses on single-domain applications constrained by methodological limitations and data scarcity, the reality is that sentiment naturally traverses multiple domains. Although large language models (LLMs) offer a promising solution for ABSA, it is difficult to integrate effectively with established techniques, including graph-based models and linguistics, because modifying their internal architecture is not easy. To alleviate this problem, we propose a novel framework, Feature-aware In-context Learning for Multi-domain ABSA (FaiMA). The core insight of FaiMA is to utilize in-context learning (ICL) as a feature-aware mechanism that facilitates adaptive learning in multi-domain ABSA tasks. Specifically, we employ a multi-head graph attention network as a text encoder optimized by heuristic rules for linguistic, domain, and sentiment features. Through contrastive learning, we optimize sentence representations by focusing on these diverse features. Additionally, we construct an efficient indexing mechanism, allowing FaiMA to stably retrieve highly relevant examples across multiple dimensions for any given input. To evaluate the efficacy of FaiMA, we build the first multi-domain ABSA benchmark dataset. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that FaiMA achieves significant performance improvements in multiple domains compared to baselines, increasing F1 by 2.07% on average. Source code and data sets are available at https://github.com/SupritYoung/FaiMA.

In medical information extraction, medical Named Entity Recognition (NER) is indispensable, playing a crucial role in developing medical knowledge graphs, enhancing medical question-answering systems, and analyzing electronic medical records. The challenge in medical NER arises from the complex nested structures and sophisticated medical terminologies, distinguishing it from its counterparts in traditional domains. In response to these complexities, we propose a medical NER model based on Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC), which uses a task-adaptive pre-training strategy to improve the model’s capability in the medical field. Meanwhile, our model introduces multiple word-pair embeddings and multi-granularity dilated convolution to enhance the model’s representation ability and uses a combined predictor of Biaffine and MLP to improve the model’s recognition performance. Experimental evaluations conducted on the CMeEE, a benchmark for Chinese nested medical NER, demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms the compared state-of-the-art (SOTA) models.

The DimABSA task requires fine-grained sentiment intensity prediction for restaurant reviews, including scores for Valence and Arousal dimensions for each Aspect Term. In this study, we propose a Coarse-to-Fine In-context Learning (CFICL) method based on the Baichuan2-7B model for the DimABSA task in the SIGHAN 2024 workshop. Our method improves prediction accuracy through a two-stage optimization process. In the first stage, we use fixed in-context examples and prompt templates to enhance the model’s sentiment recognition capability and provide initial predictions for the test data. In the second stage, we encode the Opinion field using BERT and select the most similar training data as new in-context examples based on similarity. These examples include the Opinion field and its scores, as well as related opinion words and their average scores. By filtering for sentiment polarity, we ensure that the examples are consistent with the test data. Our method significantly improves prediction accuracy and consistency by effectively utilizing training data and optimizing in-context examples, as validated by experimental results.

Emotion recognition in conversation is important for an empathetic dialogue system to understand the user’s emotion and then generate appropriate emotional responses. However, most previous researches focus on modeling conversational contexts primarily based on the textual modality or simply utilizing multimodal information through feature concatenation. In order to exploit multimodal information and contextual information more effectively, we propose a multimodal directed acyclic graph (MMDAG) network by injecting information flows inside modality and across modalities into the DAG architecture. Experiments on IEMOCAP and MELD show that our model outperforms other state-of-the-art models. Comparative studies validate the effectiveness of the proposed modality fusion method.

命名实体识别是文学作品智能分析的基础性工作,当前文学领域命名实体识别的研究还较薄弱,一个主要的原因是缺乏标注语料。本文从金庸小说入手,对两部小说180余万字进行了命名实体的标注,共标注4类实体5万多个。针对小说文本的特点,本文提出融入篇章信息的命名实体识别模型,引入篇章字典保存汉字的历史状态,利用可信度计算融合BiGRU-CRF与Transformer模型。实验结果表明,利用篇章信息有效地提升了命名实体识别的效果。最后,我们还探讨了命名实体识别在小说社会网络构建中的应用。