@misc{orel2025textttdroidresourcesuiteaigenerated,
      title={{$\texttt{Droid}$: A Resource Suite for AI-Generated Code Detection}},
      author={Daniil Orel and Indraneil Paul and Iryna Gurevych and Preslav Nakov},
      year={2025},
      eprint={2507.10583},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.SE},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10583}, 
}

@inproceedings{orel-etal-2025-codet,
    title = "{C}o{D}et-M4: Detecting Machine-Generated Code in Multi-Lingual, Multi-Generator and Multi-Domain Settings",
    author = "Orel, Daniil  and
      Azizov, Dilshod  and
      Nakov, Preslav",
    editor = "Che, Wanxiang  and
      Nabende, Joyce  and
      Shutova, Ekaterina  and
      Pilehvar, Mohammad Taher",
    booktitle = "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2025",
    month = jul,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-acl.550/",
    pages = "10570--10593",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-256-5",
}
@article{adamenko2025swe,
  title={{SWE-MERA: A Dynamic Benchmark for Agenticly Evaluating Large Language Models on Software Engineering Tasks}},
      author={Pavel Adamenko and Mikhail Ivanov and Aidar Valeev and Rodion Levichev and Pavel Zadorozhny and Ivan Lopatin and Dmitry Babayev and Alena Fenogenova and Valentin Malykh},
      year={2025},
      eprint={2507.11059},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.SE},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.11059}, 
}

@article{zadenoori2025llms,
  title={{Large Language Models (LLMs) for Requirements Engineering (RE): A Systematic Literature Review}},
      author={Mohammad Amin Zadenoori and Jacek Dąbrowski and Waad Alhoshan and Liping Zhao and Alessio Ferrari},
      year={2025},
      eprint={2509.11446},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.SE},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2509.11446}, 
}

@article{mongiello2025usage,
  author = {Bistarelli, Stefano and Fiore, Marco and Mercanti, Ivan and Mongiello, Marina},
title = {Usage of Large Language Model for Code Generation Tasks: A Review},
year = {2025},
issue_date = {Aug 2025},
publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
volume = {6},
number = {6},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-025-04241-5},
doi = {10.1007/s42979-025-04241-5},
abstract = {Large Language Models have received a lot of attention in recent years due to their outstanding performance on various Natural Language Processing tasks. They can be used for lots of applications, including assistance in code generation tasks. Actual literature lacks an exhaustive analysis of the benefits and drawbacks of using a Large Language Model for the generation of simple and complex code. This paper aims to overcome the issue: we perform a Literature Review to explore the state-of-the-art of the proposed topic, answering 4 Research Questions. Using the PRISMA methodology, we reviewed 66 papers published between 2021 and 2023. Our analysis reveals Python’s dominance as the preferred language and identifies a significant research gap in addressing ethical constraints. Additionally, we provide insights into the performance of models such as GPT-4 and CodeLlama, and their comparative utility in tasks ranging from debugging to multi-turn program synthesis. The findings offer a foundation for future research aimed at optimizing LLMs for code generation.},
journal = {SN Comput. Sci.},
month = jul,
numpages = {16},
keywords = {Large language models, Generative AI, Code generation, Review}
}

@inproceedings{orel-etal-2026-semeval-2026,
  title     = {{S}em{E}val-2026 Task 13: Detecting Machine-Generated Code with Multiple Programming Languages, Generators, and Application Scenarios},
  author    = {Orel, Daniil and Azizov, Dilshod and Paul, Indraneil and Wang, Yuxia and Gurevych, Iryna and Nakov, Preslav},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2026)},
  month     = jun,
  year      = {2026},
  address   = {San Diego, USA},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}
}

@inproceedings{orel2026aicdbenchchallengingbenchmark,
  title     = {{AICD} Bench: A Challenging Benchmark for AI-Generated Code Detection},
  author    = {Daniil Orel and Dilshod Azizov and Indraneil Paul and Yuxia Wang and Iryna Gurevych and Preslav Nakov},
  year      = {2026},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)},
  month     = mar,
  year      = {2026},
  address   = {Rabat, Morocco},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
  url       = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.02079}
}

@inproceedings{Orel2025CoDetM4DMB,
  title     = {CoDet-M4: Detecting Machine-Generated Code in Multi-Lingual, Multi-Generator and Multi-Domain Settings},
  author    = {Daniil Orel and Dilshod Azizov and Preslav Nakov},
  booktitle = {Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year      = {2025},
  url       = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:277104274}
}

@inproceedings{Orel2025DroidARC,
  title     = {Droid: A Resource Suite for AI-Generated Code Detection},
  author    = {Daniil Orel and Indraneil Paul and Iryna Gurevych and Preslav Nakov},
  booktitle = {Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing},
  year      = {2025},
  url       = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:280215456}
}

@article{Demirok2025MultiAIGCDACD,
  title   = {MultiAIGCD: A Comprehensive dataset for AI Generated Code Detection Covering Multiple Languages, Models,Prompts, and Scenarios},
  author  = {Basak Demirok and Mucahid Kutlu and Selin Mergen},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {abs/2507.21693},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:280337558}
}

@article{Gurioli2024IsTYE,
  title   = {Is This You, LLM? Recognizing AI-written Programs with Multilingual Code Stylometry},
  author  = {Andrea Gurioli and Maurizio Gabbrielli and Stefano Zacchiroli},
  journal = {2025 IEEE International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution and Reengineering (SANER)},
  year    = {2024},
  pages   = {394-405},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:274859617}
}

@article{Suh2025AnESF,
  title   = {An Empirical Study on Automatically Detecting AI-Generated Source Code: How Far are We?},
  author  = {Hyunjae Suh and Mahan Tafreshipour and Jiawei Li and Adithya Bhattiprolu and Iftekhar Ahmed},
  journal = {2025 IEEE/ACM 47th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)},
  year    = {2025},
  pages   = {859-871},
  url     = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=\&arnumber=11029804}
}

@article{Guo2025CodeMirageAMG,
  title   = {CodeMirage: A Multi-Lingual Benchmark for Detecting AI-Generated and Paraphrased Source Code from Production-Level LLMs},
  author  = {Hanxi Guo and Siyuan Cheng and Kaiyuan Zhang and Guangyu Shen and Xiangyu Zhang},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {abs/2506.11059},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:279391623}
}

@article{Nirob2026WhitespacesDLH,
  title   = {Whitespaces Don't Lie: Feature-Driven and Embedding-Based Approaches for Detecting Machine-Generated Code},
  author  = {Syed Mehedi Hasan Nirob and Shamim Ehsan and Moqsadur Rahman and Summit Haque},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2026},
  volume  = {abs/2601.19264},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:285071209}
}

@article{Yang2023ZeroShotDOI,
  title   = {Zero-Shot Detection of Machine-Generated Codes},
  author  = {Xianjun Yang and Kexun Zhang and Haifeng Chen and L. Petzold and William Yang Wang and Wei Cheng},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {abs/2310.05103},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:263831381}
}

@article{Du2025GBsimARJ,
  title   = {GBsim: A Robust GCN-BERT Approach for Cross-Architecture Binary Code Similarity Analysis},
  author  = {Jiang Du and Qiang Wei and Yisen Wang and Xingyu Bai},
  journal = {Entropy},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {27},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:277697042}
}

@inproceedings{Ashkenazi2025ZeroShotDOK,
  title     = {Zero-Shot Detection of LLM-Generated Code via Approximated Task Conditioning},
  author    = {Maor Ashkenazi and Ofir Brenner and Tal Furman Shohet and Eran Treister},
  booktitle = {ECML/PKDD},
  year      = {2025},
  url       = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:279244051}
}

@article{Li2023DiscriminatingHFL,
  title   = {Discriminating Human-authored from ChatGPT-Generated Code Via Discernable Feature Analysis},
  author  = {Ke Li and Sheng Hong and Cai Fu and Yunhe Zhang and Ming Liu},
  journal = {2023 IEEE 34th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering Workshops (ISSREW)},
  year    = {2023},
  pages   = {120-127},
  url     = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=\&arnumber=10301301}
}

@article{Wang2023EvaluatingADM,
  title   = {Evaluating AIGC Detectors on Code Content},
  author  = {Jian Wang and Shangqing Liu and Xiaofei Xie and Yi Li},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {abs/2304.05193},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:258060085}
}

@article{Mao2024RaidarGAN,
  title   = {Raidar: geneRative AI Detection viA Rewriting},
  author  = {Chengzhi Mao and Carl Vondrick and Hao Wang and Junfeng Yang},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {abs/2401.12970},
  url     = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2401.12970.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Xu2024DetectingACO,
  title     = {Detecting AI-Generated Code Assignments Using Perplexity of Large Language Models},
  author    = {Zhenyu Xu and Victor S. Sheng},
  booktitle = {AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence},
  year      = {2024},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v38i21.30361}
}

@article{Xu2024DistinguishingLFP,
  title   = {Distinguishing LLM-Generated from Human-Written Code by Contrastive Learning},
  author  = {Xiaodan Xu and Chao Ni and Xinrong Guo and Shaoxuan Liu and Xiaoya Wang and Kui Liu and Xiaohu Yang},
  journal = {ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {34},
  pages   = {1 - 31},
  url     = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3705300}
}

@article{Pham2024MAGECODEMCQ,
  title   = {MAGECODE: Machine-Generated Code Detection Method Using Large Language Models},
  author  = {Hung Pham and Huyen Ha and Van Tong and Dung Hoang and Duc-Ngoc Tran and Tuyen Ngoc Le},
  journal = {IEEE Access},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {12},
  pages   = {190186-190202},
  url     = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=\&arnumber=10772217}
}

@article{Kashif2025OnDSR,
  title   = {On Developers’ Self-Declaration of AI-Generated Code: An Analysis of Practices},
  author  = {S. M. Kashif and Peng Liang and Amjed Tahir},
  journal = {ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology},
  year    = {2025},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:278000397}
}

@article{Bukhari2023DistinguishingAAS,
  title   = {Distinguishing AI- and Human-Generated Code: A Case Study},
  author  = {Sufiyan Bukhari and Benjamin Tan and Lorenzo De Carli},
  journal = {Proceedings of the 2023 Workshop on Software Supply Chain Offensive Research and Ecosystem Defenses},
  year    = {2023},
  url     = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3625215}
}

@article{Suh2024AnEST,
  title   = {An Empirical Study on Automatically Detecting AI-Generated Source Code: How Far Are We?},
  author  = {Hyunjae Suh and Mahan Tafreshipour and Jiawei Li and Adithya Bhattiprolu and Iftekhar Ahmed},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {abs/2411.04299},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:279621056}
}

@inproceedings{Li2024EfficientAUU,
  title     = {Efficient and Universal Watermarking for LLM-Generated Code Detection},
  author    = {Boquan Li and Z. Fu and Mengdi Zhang and Peixin Zhang and Jun Sun and Xingmei Wang},
  booktitle = {unknown},
  year      = {2024},
  url       = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:267627184}
}

@article{Alam2025AreCCV,
  title   = {Are Classical Clone Detectors Good Enough for the AI Era?},
  author  = {A. Alam and Palash Ranjan Roy and Farouq Al-Omari and C. Roy and Banani Roy and Kevin A. Schneider},
  journal = {2025 IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME)},
  year    = {2025},
  pages   = {295-307},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:281682472}
}

@inproceedings{Hoq2023DetectingCCW,
  title     = {Detecting ChatGPT-Generated Code in a CS1 Course},
  author    = {Muntasir Hoq and Yang Shi and Juho Leinonen and Damilola Babalola and Collin Lynch and Bita Akram},
  booktitle = {LLM@AIED},
  year      = {2023},
  url       = {https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3487/paper2.pdf}
}

@article{Wang2024AnESX,
  title   = {An Empirical Study to Evaluate AIGC Detectors on Code Content},
  author  = {Jian Wang and Shangqing Liu and Xiaofei Xie and Yi Li},
  journal = {2024 39th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)},
  year    = {2024},
  pages   = {844-856},
  url     = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3695468}
}

@article{Pan2024AssessingADY,
  title   = {Assessing AI Detectors in Identifying AI-Generated Code: Implications for Education},
  author  = {Wei Hung Pan and Ming Jie Chok and J. L. Wong and Yung Xin Shin and Yeong Shian Poon and Zhou Yang and Chun Yong Chong and David Lo and Mei Kuan Lim},
  journal = {2024 IEEE/ACM 46th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering Education and Training (ICSE-SEET)},
  year    = {2024},
  pages   = {1-11},
  url     = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3640068}
}

@article{Hoq2024DetectingCCZ,
  title   = {Detecting ChatGPT-Generated Code Submissions in a CS1 Course Using Machine Learning Models},
  author  = {Muntasir Hoq and Yang Shi and Juho Leinonen and Damilola Babalola and Collin Lynch and T. Price and Bita Akram},
  journal = {Proceedings of the 55th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V. 1},
  year    = {2024},
  url     = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3630826}
}

@article{Idialu2024WhodunitCCAA,
  title   = {Whodunit: Classifying Code as Human Authored or GPT-4 generated- A case study on CodeChef problems},
  author  = {Oseremen Joy Idialu and N. Mathews and Rungroj Maipradit and J. Atlee and M. Nagappan},
  journal = {2024 IEEE/ACM 21st International Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR)},
  year    = {2024},
  pages   = {394-406},
  url     = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3644926}
}

@article{Qu2024LEADLDAB,
  title   = {LEAD: Learning Decomposition for Source-free Universal Domain Adaptation},
  author  = {Sanqing Qu and Tianpei Zou and Lianghua He and Florian Rohrbein and Alois Knoll and Guang Chen and Changjun Jiang},
  journal = {2024 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)},
  year    = {2024},
  pages   = {23334-23343},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:268253203}
}

@article{Guo2024BiScopeATAC,
  title   = {BiScope: AI-generated Text Detection by Checking Memorization of Preceding Tokens},
  author  = {Hanxi Guo and Siyuan Cheng and Xiaolong Jin and Zhuo Zhang and Kaiyuan Zhang and Guanhong Tao and Guangyu Shen and Xiangyu Zhang},
  journal = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 37},
  year    = {2024},
  url     = {https://doi.org/10.52202/079017-3307}
}

@article{Yan2025TowardsMTAD,
  title   = {Towards More Trustworthy Deep Code Models by Enabling Out-of-Distribution Detection},
  author  = {Yanfu Yan and Viet Duong and Huajie Shao and Denys Poshyvanyk},
  journal = {2025 IEEE/ACM 47th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)},
  year    = {2025},
  pages   = {769-781},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:276617788}
}

@article{Salam2025EvaluatingSPAE,
  title   = {Evaluating Software Plagiarism Detection in the Age of AI: Automated Obfuscation and Lessons for Academic Integrity},
  author  = {Timur Sağlam and Larissa Schmid},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {abs/2505.20158},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:278911642}
}

@article{Demirok2024AIGCodeSetANAF,
  title   = {AIGCodeSet: A New Annotated Dataset for AI Generated Code Detection},
  author  = {Basak Demirok and Mucahid Kutlu},
  journal = {2025 33rd Signal Processing and Communications Applications Conference (SIU)},
  year    = {2024},
  pages   = {1-4},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:274981993}
}

@article{Wang2024MADODGOAG,
  title   = {MADOD: Generalizing OOD Detection to Unseen Domains via G-Invariance Meta-Learning},
  author  = {Haoliang Wang and Chen Zhao and Feng Chen},
  journal = {2024 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData)},
  year    = {2024},
  pages   = {1134-1143},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:273821200}
}

@article{Liao2025RobustDAAH,
  title   = {Robust Distribution Alignment for Industrial Anomaly Detection under Distribution Shift},
  author  = {Jingyi Liao and Xun Xu and Yongyi Su and Rong-Cheng Tu and Yifan Liu and Dacheng Tao and Xulei Yang},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {abs/2503.14910},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:277113055}
}

@article{Yin2025DetectingLCAI,
  title   = {Detecting LLM-generated Code with Subtle Modification by Adversarial Training},
  author  = {Xin Yin and Xinrui Li and Chao Ni and Xiaodan Xu and Xiaohu Yang},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {abs/2507.13123},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:280297703}
}

@article{Li2024ACRAJ,
  title   = {A Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning Advances on Data Change: A Cross-Field Perspective},
  author  = {Jeng-Lin Li and Chih-Fan Hsu and Ming-Ching Chang and Wei-Chao Chen},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {abs/2402.12627},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:267759946}
}

@article{Oedingen2024ChatGPTCDAK,
  title   = {ChatGPT Code Detection: Techniques for Uncovering the Source of Code},
  author  = {Marc Oedingen and Raphael C. Engelhardt and R. Denz and Maximilian Hammer and Wolfgang Konen},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {abs/2405.15512},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:270045677}
}

@article{Gao2023ATTAATAL,
  title   = {ATTA: Anomaly-aware Test-Time Adaptation for Out-of-Distribution Detection in Segmentation},
  author  = {Zhitong Gao and Shipeng Yan and Xuming He},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {abs/2309.05994},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:261697200}
}

@article{Bai2024AHAHOAM,
  title   = {AHA: Human-Assisted Out-of-Distribution Generalization and Detection},
  author  = {Haoyue Bai and Jifan Zhang and Robert D. Nowak},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {abs/2410.08000},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:273233410}
}

@article{Wu2023MetaOLAN,
  title   = {Meta OOD Learning For Continuously Adaptive OOD Detection},
  author  = {Xinheng Wu and Jie Lu and Zhen Fang and Guangquan Zhang},
  journal = {2023 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)},
  year    = {2023},
  pages   = {19296-19307},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:262084355}
}

@inproceedings{Mohamadi2024FeatureBMAO,
  title  = {Feature Based Methods in Domain Adaptation for Object Detection: A Review Paper},
  author = {Helia Mohamadi and Mohammad Ali Keyvanrad and M. Mohammadi},
  year   = {2024},
  url    = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:274981434}
}

@article{Kashiani2024ROADSRPAP,
  title   = {ROADS: Robust Prompt-Driven Multi-Class Anomaly Detection Under Domain Shift},
  author  = {Hossein Kashiani and Niloufar Alipour Talemi and Fatemeh Afghah},
  journal = {2025 IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV)},
  year    = {2024},
  pages   = {7908-7917},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:274234158}
}

@inproceedings{Arakelyan2023ExploringDSAQ,
  title     = {Exploring Distributional Shifts in Large Language Models for Code Analysis},
  author    = {Shushan Arakelyan and Rocktim Jyoti Das and Yi Mao and Xiang Ren},
  booktitle = {Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing},
  year      = {2023},
  url       = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:257557735}
}

@article{Wang2023StudentMOAR,
  title   = {Student Mastery or AI Deception? Analyzing ChatGPT's Assessment Proficiency and Evaluating Detection Strategies},
  author  = {K. Wang and Seth Akins and Abdalla Mohammed and Ramon Lawrence},
  journal = {2023 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI)},
  year    = {2023},
  pages   = {1615-1621},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:265466099}
}

@article{Xie2023AIMAAS,
  title   = {AI meets AI: Artificial Intelligence and Academic Integrity - A Survey on Mitigating AI-Assisted Cheating in Computing Education},
  author  = {Ying Xie and Shaoen Wu and S. Chakravarty},
  journal = {Proceedings of the 24th Annual Conference on Information Technology Education},
  year    = {2023},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:263776375}
}

@article{Ma2023TheOAT,
  title   = {The “Code” of Ethics: A Holistic Audit of AI Code Generators},
  author  = {Wanlun Ma and Yiliao Song and Minhui Xue and Sheng Wen and Yang Xiang},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {21},
  pages   = {4997-5013},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:258833125}
}

@article{Gui2023JointLOAU,
  title   = {Joint Learning of Label and Environment Causal Independence for Graph Out-of-Distribution Generalization},
  author  = {Shurui Gui and Meng Liu and Xiner Li and Youzhi Luo and Shuiwang Ji},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {abs/2306.01103},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:259063744}
}

@article{Xie2025OnTRAV,
  title   = {On the Robustness of Human-Object Interaction Detection against Distribution Shift},
  author  = {Chi Xie and Shuang Liang and Jie Li and Feng Zhu and Rui Zhao and Yichen Wei and Shengjie Zhao},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {abs/2506.18021},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:279999325}
}

@article{Lu2024RecentAIAW,
  title   = {Recent Advances in OOD Detection: Problems and Approaches},
  author  = {Shuo Lu and Yingsheng Wang and Lijun Sheng and Lingxiao He and Aihua Zheng and Jian Liang},
  journal = {ACM Computing Surveys},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {58},
  pages   = {1 - 39},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:272707266}
}

@article{Wang2023TowardsESAX,
  title   = {Towards Effective Semantic OOD Detection in Unseen Domains: A Domain Generalization Perspective},
  author  = {Haoliang Wang and Chen Zhao and Yunhui Guo and Kai Jiang and Feng Chen},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {abs/2309.10209},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:262054069}
}

@article{Bulla2024EXCODEARAY,
  title   = {EX-CODE: A Robust and Explainable Model to Detect AI-Generated Code},
  author  = {L. Bulla and Alessandro Midolo and M. Mongiov{\`i} and E. Tramontana},
  journal = {Inf.},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {15},
  pages   = {819},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:274939679}
}

@article{Cotroneo2023AutomatingTCAZ,
  title   = {Automating the Correctness Assessment of AI-generated Code for Security Contexts},
  author  = {Domenico Cotroneo and Alessio Foggia and Cristina Improta and Pietro Liguori and R. Natella},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {abs/2310.18834},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:264590621}
}

@article{Wang2024BridgingODBA,
  title   = {Bridging OOD Detection and Generalization: A Graph-Theoretic View},
  author  = {Hanchen Wang and Yixuan Li},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {abs/2409.18205},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:272968901}
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@article{Ma2025DEERDMBB,
  title   = {DEER: Disentangled Mixture of Experts with Instance-Adaptive Routing for Generalizable Machine-Generated Text Detection},
  author  = {Guoxin Ma and Xiaoming Liu and Zhanhang Zhang and Chengzhengxu Li and Shengchao Liu and Y. Lan},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {abs/2511.01192},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:282739447}
}

@article{He2024GDDASOBC,
  title   = {GDDA: Semantic OOD Detection on Graphs under Covariate Shift via Score-Based Diffusion Models},
  author  = {Zhixia He and Chen Zhao and Minglai Shao and Yujie Lin and Dong Li and Qin Tian},
  journal = {ICASSP 2025 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)},
  year    = {2024},
  pages   = {1-5},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:273532315}
}

@article{Dickey2025TheFOBD,
  title   = {The Failure of Plagiarism Detection in Competitive Programming},
  author  = {Ethan Dickey},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {abs/2505.08244},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:278535099}
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@article{Zhou2021DomainGABE,
  title   = {Domain Generalization: A Survey},
  author  = {Kaiyang Zhou and Ziwei Liu and Y. Qiao and T. Xiang and Chen Change Loy},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence},
  year    = {2021},
  volume  = {45},
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@article{Gao2024GeneralizeODBF,
  title   = {Generalize or Detect? Towards Robust Semantic Segmentation Under Multiple Distribution Shifts},
  author  = {Zhitong Gao and Bingnan Li and Mathieu Salzmann and Xuming He},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {abs/2411.03829},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:273850102}
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@inproceedings{Tang2024AIGeneratedPSBG,
  title     = {AI-Generated Programming Solutions: Impacts on Academic Integrity and Good Practices},
  author    = {Chung Man Tang and Vanessa S. C. Ng and Henry M. F. Leung and J. Yuen},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Computer Supported Education},
  year      = {2024},
  url       = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:269704576}
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@article{Hu2022CodeSTCBH,
  title   = {CodeS: Towards Code Model Generalization Under Distribution Shift},
  author  = {Qiang Hu and Yuejun Guo and Xiaofei Xie and Maxime Cordy and Mike Papadakis and Y. L. Traon},
  journal = {2023 IEEE/ACM 45th International Conference on Software Engineering: New Ideas and Emerging Results (ICSE-NIER)},
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@article{Hanson2025FutureOCBI,
  title   = {Future of Code with Generative AI: Transparency and Safety in the Era of AI Generated Software},
  author  = {David Hanson},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {abs/2505.20303},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:278911162}
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@article{Shi2024BetweenLOBJ,
  title   = {Between Lines of Code: Unraveling the Distinct Patterns of Machine and Human Programmers},
  author  = {Yuling Shi and Hongyu Zhang and Chengcheng Wan and Xiaodong Gu},
  journal = {2025 IEEE/ACM 47th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)},
  year    = {2024},
  pages   = {1628-1639},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:266977255}
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@article{Rahman2024AutomaticDOBK,
  title   = {Automatic Detection of LLM-generated Code: A Case Study of Claude 3 Haiku},
  author  = {Musfiqur Rahman and S. Khatoonabadi and Ahmad Abdellatif and Emad Shihab},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {abs/2409.01382},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:272367804}
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@article{Weyssow2023OnTUBL,
  title   = {On the Usage of Continual Learning for Out-of-Distribution Generalization in Pre-trained Language Models of Code},
  author  = {M. Weyssow and Xin Zhou and Kisub Kim and David Lo and H. Sahraoui},
  journal = {Proceedings of the 31st ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering},
  year    = {2023},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:258556987}
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@article{Baran2023ClassicalODBM,
  title   = {Classical Out-of-Distribution Detection Methods Benchmark in Text Classification Tasks},
  author  = {M. Baran and J. Baran and Mateusz W{\'o}jcik and Maciej Ziȩba and Adam Gonczarek},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {abs/2307.07002},
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@article{Zhang2023ModelFreeTTBN,
  title   = {Model-Free Test Time Adaptation for Out-of-Distribution Detection},
  author  = {Yifan Zhang and Xue Wang and Tian Zhou and Kun Yuan and Zhang Zhang and Liang Wang and Rong Jin},
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {48},
  pages   = {1542-1553},
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@article{Barrabs2023AdversarialLFBO,
  title   = {Adversarial Learning for Feature Shift Detection and Correction},
  author  = {M{\'i}riam Barrab{\'e}s and D. M. Montserrat and Margarita Geleta and Xavier Gir{\'o}-i-Nieto and A. Ioannidis},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {abs/2312.04546},
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@inproceedings{Huang2021OnTIBP,
  title     = {On the Importance of Gradients for Detecting Distributional Shifts in the Wild},
  author    = {Rui Huang and Andrew Geng and Yixuan Li},
  booktitle = {Neural Information Processing Systems},
  year      = {2021},
  url       = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:238253184}
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@inproceedings{Kim2023UniversalDABQ,
  title     = {Universal Domain Adaptation for Robust Handling of Distributional Shifts in NLP},
  author    = {Hyuhng Joon Kim and Hyunsoo Cho and Sang-Woo Lee and Junyeob Kim and Choonghyun Park and Sang-goo Lee and Kang Min Yoo and Taeuk Kim},
  booktitle = {Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing},
  year      = {2023},
  url       = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:264436472}
}

@article{Shen2021TowardsOGBR,
  title   = {Towards Out-Of-Distribution Generalization: A Survey},
  author  = {Zheyan Shen and Jiashuo Liu and Yue He and Xingxuan Zhang and Renzhe Xu and Han Yu and Peng Cui},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2021},
  volume  = {abs/2108.13624},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:237364121}
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@article{Jia2025CoHalLoCHBS,
  title   = {CoHalLo: code hallucination localization via probing hidden layer vector},
  author  = {Nan Jia and Wangchao Sang and Pengfei Lin and Xiangping Chen and Yuan Huang and Yi Liu and Mingliang Li},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {abs/2512.24183},
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@article{Wang2024ValidatingLPBT,
  title   = {Validating LLM-Generated Programs with Metamorphic Prompt Testing},
  author  = {Xiaoyin Wang and Dakai Zhu},
  journal = {ArXiv},
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@inproceedings{Hajipour2022SimSCOODSABU,
  title     = {SimSCOOD: Systematic Analysis of Out-of-Distribution Generalization in Fine-tuned Source Code Models},
  author    = {Hossein Hajipour and Ning Yu and C. Staicu and Mario Fritz},
  booktitle = {NAACL-HLT},
  year      = {2022},
  url       = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.04802.pdf}
}

@article{Zhao2022SupervisionABBV,
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@article{Bai2020DecAugOGBX,
  title   = {DecAug: Out-of-Distribution Generalization via Decomposed Feature Representation and Semantic Augmentation},
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@article{Sontakke2021GalilAIODBY,
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  journal = {ArXiv},
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@inproceedings{Mohseni2021ShiftingTLBZ,
  title  = {Shifting Transformation Learning for Out-of-Distribution Detection},
  author = {Sina Mohseni and Arash Vahdat and J. Yadawa},
  year   = {2021},
  url    = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:238583803}
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@article{Ye2024UncoveringLCCA,
  title   = {Uncovering LLM-Generated Code: A Zero-Shot Synthetic Code Detector via Code Rewriting},
  author  = {Tong Ye and Yangkai Du and Tengfei Ma and Lingfei Wu and Xuhong Zhang and Shouling Ji and Wenhai Wang},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {abs/2405.16133},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:270063331}
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@article{Guo2024DeTeCtiveDACB,
  title   = {DeTeCtive: Detecting AI-generated Text via Multi-Level Contrastive Learning},
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  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2024},
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@article{Cao2023AnomalyDUCC,
  title   = {Anomaly Detection under Distribution Shift},
  author  = {T. Cao and Jiawen Zhu and Guansong Pang},
  journal = {2023 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)},
  year    = {2023},
  pages   = {6488-6500},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:257757373}
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@article{Nguyen2024DeepLOCD,
  title   = {Deep Learning-Based Out-of-distribution Source Code Data Identification: How Far Have We Gone?},
  author  = {Van Nguyen and Xingliang Yuan and Tingmin Wu and Surya Nepal and M. Grobler and Carsten Rudolph},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {abs/2404.05964},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:269009757}
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@article{Coiera2022EvidenceSDCE,
  title   = {Evidence synthesis, digital scribes, and translational challenges for artificial intelligence in healthcare},
  author  = {E. Coiera and Sidong Liu},
  journal = {Cell Reports Medicine},
  year    = {2022},
  volume  = {3},
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@article{Khan2025IdentifyingAICF,
  title   = {Identifying artificial intelligence-generated content using the DistilBERT transformer and NLP techniques},
  author  = {Hikmat Ullah Khan and Anam Naz and F. Alarfaj and Naif Almusallam},
  journal = {Scientific Reports},
  year    = {2025},
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@inproceedings{Xiong2024NCLUoRASCG,
  title     = {NCL-UoR at SemEval-2024 Task 8: Fine-tuning Large Language Models for Multigenerator, Multidomain, and Multilingual Machine-Generated Text Detection},
  author    = {Feng Xiong and Thanet Markchom and Ziwei Zheng and Subin Jung and Varun Ojha and Huizhi Liang},
  booktitle = {International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation},
  year      = {2024},
  url       = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:270766723}
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@article{Amos2025ABECH,
  title   = {A Bibliometric Exposition and Review on Leveraging LLMs for Programming Education},
  author  = {Joanah Pwanedo Amos and Oluwatosin Ahmed Amodu and Raja Azlina Raja Mahmood and Akanbi Bolakale Abdulqudus and Anies Faziehan Zakaria and Abimbola Rhoda Iyanda and Umar Ali Bukar and Zurina Mohd Hanapi},
  journal = {IEEE Access},
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@article{Fairoze2023PubliclyDWCI,
  title   = {Publicly Detectable Watermarking for Language Models},
  author  = {Jaiden Fairoze and Sanjam Garg and Somesh Jha and Saeed Mahloujifar and Mohammad Mahmoody and Mingyuan Wang},
  journal = {IACR Commun. Cryptol.},
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@article{Wei2025TheAICJ,
  title   = {The AI Imperative: Scaling High-Quality Peer Review in Machine Learning},
  author  = {Qiyao Wei and Samuel Holt and Jing Yang and Markus Wulfmeier and M. Schaar},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2025},
  volume  = {abs/2506.08134},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:279260655}
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@article{Tulchinskii2023IntrinsicDECK,
  title   = {Intrinsic Dimension Estimation for Robust Detection of AI-Generated Texts},
  author  = {Eduard Tulchinskii and Kristian Kuznetsov and Laida Kushnareva and D. Cherniavskii and S. Barannikov and Irina Piontkovskaya and S. Nikolenko and Evgeny Burnaev},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {abs/2306.04723},
  url     = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2306.04723.pdf}
}

@article{WeberWulff2023TestingODCL,
  title   = {Testing of detection tools for AI-generated text},
  author  = {Debora Weber-Wulff and Alla Anohina-Naumeca and Sonja Bjelobaba and T. Folt{\'y}nek and J. Guerrero-Dib and Olumide Popoola and Petr Sigut and Lorna Waddington},
  journal = {International Journal for Educational Integrity},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {19},
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  url     = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s40979-023-00146-z}
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@article{Cotroneo2024DeVAICATCM,
  title   = {DeVAIC: A Tool for Security Assessment of AI-generated Code},
  author  = {Domenico Cotroneo and Roberta de Luca and Pietro Liguori},
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  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {177},
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@inproceedings{Mitchell2023DetectGPTZMCN,
  title     = {DetectGPT: Zero-Shot Machine-Generated Text Detection using Probability Curvature},
  author    = {E. Mitchell and Yoonho Lee and Alexander Khazatsky and Christopher D. Manning and Chelsea Finn},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning},
  year      = {2023},
  url       = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/2301.11305.pdf}
}

@article{Zhang2024EnhancingTACO,
  title   = {Enhancing Text Authenticity: A Novel Hybrid Approach for AI-Generated Text Detection},
  author  = {Ye Zhang and Qian Leng and Mengran Zhu and Rui Ding and Yue Wu and Jintong Song and Yulu Gong},
  journal = {2024 IEEE 4th International Conference on Electronic Technology, Communication and Information (ICETCI)},
  year    = {2024},
  pages   = {433-438},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:270380163}
}

@article{Jambunathan2024ConvNLPIACP,
  title   = {ConvNLP: Image-based AI Text Detection},
  author  = {S. Jambunathan and Ashwath Shankarnarayan and Parijat Dube},
  journal = {2024 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData)},
  year    = {2024},
  pages   = {6260-6268},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:271088409}
}

@article{Abburi2023ASYCQ,
  title   = {A Simple yet Efficient Ensemble Approach for AI-generated Text Detection},
  author  = {Harika Abburi and Kalyan Roy and Michael Suesserman and Nirmala Pudota and B. Veeramani and Edward Bowen and Sanmitra Bhattacharya},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2023},
  volume  = {abs/2311.03084},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:265034022}
}

@article{Santra2023ScholarlyCACR,
  title   = {Scholarly Communication and Machine-Generated Text: Is it Finally AI vs AI in Plagiarism Detection?},
  author  = {Patit Paban Santra and Debasis Majhi},
  journal = {SRELS Journal of Information Management},
  year    = {2023},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:259623064}
}

@article{Valiaiev2024DetectionOMCS,
  title   = {Detection of Machine-Generated Text: Literature Survey},
  author  = {Dmytro Valiaiev},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2024},
  volume  = {abs/2402.01642},
  url     = {https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusId:267413235}
}

@article{Zellers2019DefendingANCT,
  title   = {Defending Against Neural Fake News},
  author  = {Rowan Zellers and Ari Holtzman and Hannah Rashkin and Yonatan Bisk and Ali Farhadi and Franziska Roesner and Yejin Choi},
  journal = {ArXiv},
  year    = {2019},
  volume  = {abs/1905.12616},
  url     = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.12616.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Ippolito2019AutomaticDOCU,
  title     = {Automatic Detection of Generated Text is Easiest when Humans are Fooled},
  author    = {Daphne Ippolito and Daniel Duckworth and Chris Callison-Burch and D. Eck},
  booktitle = {Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics},
  year      = {2019},
  url       = {https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.acl-main.164.pdf}
}