<article_title>Bryozoa</article_title>
<edit_user>Philcha</edit_user>
<edit_time>Thursday, August 13, 2009 4:49:34 PM CEST</edit_time>
<edit_comment>/* Classification and diversity */ ce</edit_comment>
<edit_text>Classification and diversity
When they were discovered, ectoprocts and entoprocts were <strong><strike>classifi</strike></strong><strong>discovered, they and ectoprocts were regard</strong>ed as classes within a single phylum, Bryozoa, because both groups filter-feed using a &quot;crown&quot; of tentacles.&lt;ref name=&quot;Halanych2004AnimalPhylogeny&quot;&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; However it was later realized that, despite their apparently similar methods of feeding, they were significantly different&amp;nbsp;– in addition to the different positions of the anus, ectoprocts have hollow tentacles and a coelom, while entoprocts have solid tentacles and no coelom. Hence the two groups are now regarded as separate phyla, and the name &quot;Bryozoa&quot; is now synonymous with &quot;Ectoprocta&quot;.&lt;ref name=&quot;Halanych2004AnimalPhylogeny&quot; /&gt;</edit_text>
<turn_user>Philcha<turn_user>
<turn_time>Thursday, August 13, 2009 10:30:09 AM CEST</turn_time>
<turn_topicname>Sources & notes</turn_topicname>
<turn_topictext>Hopefully useful for getting this to GA --Philcha (talk) 17:31, 30 May 2009 (UTC)
General
http://www.earthlife.net/inverts/bryozoa.html - very probably not WP:RS, but useful checklist of points, incl. specialisation.
http://www.sms.si.edu/IRLSpec/IntroBryozoa.htm - nice dgms
http://www.reefkeeping.com/issues/2003-10/rs/index.php - excellent dgm of encrusting species, get Graphics Lab on this.
http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=_ntSspji0LYC&amp;pg=PA142&amp;lpg=PA142&amp;dq=bryozoans&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=oFvbdp1jpK&amp;sig=fvzeBPk8Z68Dy7LJDWVeXwh7vBM&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=fswfSpmtCODNjAfPu4nUBg&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=5#PPA142,M1 - how to distinguish from corals; dgm of fossil; hard parts not exposed
http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/42/3/685 (Nielsen; 2002; Integrative and Comparative Biology, 42(3):685-691; doi:10.1093/icb/42.3.685)
Classification
http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&amp;search_value=155470 - the "official" name
Feeding
http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/286214?journalCode=an (Eckman &amp; Okamura; Am Nat 1998. Vol. 152, pp. 861–880; DOI: 10.1086/286214) - effects of zooid spacing &amp; waterflow on feeding.
http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/icn052v1 - effect of flow rate; invasive
http://www.bowdoin.edu/~mpratt/pratt_2004.pdf (Pratt; 2004; Biol. Bull. 207: 17–27) - also at http://www.jstor.org/pss/1543625 and http://www.biolbull.org/cgi/content/abstract/207/1/17
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/118558195/abstract (Strathmann; 2006; Acta Zoologica)
Reproduction &amp; life cycle
http://biology.bangor.ac.uk/~bss018/pdfpublications/Hughesetal2005.pdf (Hughes et al; 2005; Biol. Lett.; 1, 178–180; doi:10.1098/rsbl.2004.0259)
Ecology
http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/icn052v1 - effect of flow rate; invasive
http://www2.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/web%20of%20NHJCU%20PDF/6-1,31-36.pdf
http://www.cababstractsplus.orabstracts/Abstract.aspx?AcNo=20000804583 (Anderson, C. L., Canning, E. U., Okamura, B.;)
http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&amp;cpsidt=18888422 (Puce et al; International Symbiosis Society Congress, 2007)
http://www.springerlink.com/content/e8u5274k03q26483/ (Massard &amp; Geimer; 2008; Hydrobiologia) - updated at http://massard.info/pdf/SNL_2008_109_139_148.pdf (Massard &amp; Geimer; 2008; Bull. Soc. Nat. luxemb.)
http://www.int-res.com/articles/dao2004/57/d057p221.pdf (Tops &amp; Okamura; Diseases of aquatic organisms; 2003)
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/118558195/abstract (Strathmann; 2006; Acta Zoologica)
And humans
http://www.imh.mug.edu.pl/attachment/attachment/4761/2008t4.pdf
http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=KJBKC4qvV8AC&amp;pg=RA5-PA116&amp;lpg=RA5-PA116&amp;dq=bryozoa+marine+tropical&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=99qfGjfLns&amp;sig=iDp9VOXt_n8vM2kUDja0WYgFDu0&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=4S6BSoWsDqCsjAfhzKn4Cg&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=10#v=onepage&amp;q=&amp;f=false by Robert Wynn Jones (), pub. : "Dogger bank itch", possibly due to chemical defences (p. 116) --Philcha (talk) 09:08, 11 August 2009 (UTC)
http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7eg2mgVcMCcC&amp;pg=PA41&amp;lpg=PA41&amp;dq=bryozoans&amp;source=bl&amp;ots=u_4zf1Z1_w&amp;sig=QBBJX2KNWA34r50BRoqksDXeSeU&amp;hl=en&amp;ei=fswfSpmtCODNjAfPu4nUBg&amp;sa=X&amp;oi=book_result&amp;ct=result&amp;resnum=10 - rapid colonisers-&gt;they foul boats, etc.
http://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/MF08321.htm (Smith; 2009; Marine and Freshwater Research 60(5) 475–482; DOI: 10.1071/MF08321) - measuring "the next global challenge: ocean acidification"
I've seen hints of medicinal uses.
http://www.int-res.com/articles/dao2004/57/d057p221.pdf (Tops &amp; Okamura; Diseases of aquatic organisms; 2003) - serious for salmon fisheries &amp; farms
Fossil record
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3790/is_200711/ai_n21137447/ (Journal of Paleontology , Nov 2007; Xia et al; http://jpaleontol.geoscienceworld.org/cgi/content/abstract/81/6/1308)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B83WC-4VS40GN-1&amp;_user=10&amp;_rdoc=1&amp;_fmt=&amp;_orig=search&amp;_sort=d&amp;view=c&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=83614fd4edbfff05d2939797299e2173 (Zhang &amp; same Chinese team; Palaeoworld Volume 18, Issue 1, March 2009, Pages 67-73)
http://www.springerlink.com/content/98x223t25ku46q16/ - early colonisers, stabilise surfaces
http://www.geology.cz/bulletin/contents/articles-in-press/Zagorsek.pdf (Zágoršek et al; 2009; Bulletin of Geosciences 84(X), xx–xx; Czech Geological Survey, Prague; ISSN 1214-1119)
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/118531940/abstract (Buttler et al; 2007;Palaeontology)
http://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=4-jlUfCMlQkC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PA93&amp;dq=ectoprocta+bryozoa+phylogeny&amp;ots=hmB2G5OXR0&amp;sig=C7IK3Vf0vEUJdx5snK-Qb26nmzM#PPA93,M1 (ch "Deconstructing bryozoans ..", pp 93ff; Dewel et al; 2002) - nice statement of phylo problems; "highly derived"; poss explanation of why late in fossil record
http://www.mnhn.fr/publication/geodiv/g02n2a3.pdf (Nekhorosheva; 2002; Geodiversitas) - mid-Ordov Russian bryozoa
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1690528&amp;blobtype=pdf (Cohen; 2000; Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 267, 225-231) - "This inference [lophotrochozoa hypothesis], if true, undermines virtually all morphology-based reconstructions of phylogeny made during the past century or more."
http://www.jstor.org/pss/1306433 (Horowitz et al; 1996; Journal of Paleontology) - anything more recent?
Phylogeny
http://www.springerlink.com/content/kf7vajfc4edfl6r1/ (Mackey et al, 1996; Journal of Molecular Evolution; doi: 10.1007/BF02352285)
http://gump.auburn.edu/halanych/lab/Pub.pdfs/Passamaneck2004b.pdf (Passamaneck and Halanych; 2004; Evolution &amp; Development, 6:4, 275–281 )
http://gump.auburn.edu/halanych/lab/Pub.pdfs/Passmaneck2006.pdf (Passamaneck and Halanych; July 2006; Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, Volume 40, Issue 1, Pages 20-28)
http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/24/12/2723 (Hausdorf et al; 2007; Molecular Biology and Evolution; 24(12):2723-2729; doi:10.1093/molbev/msm214)
background-color:silverhttp://bryotechnologies.com/pdf/18S_rDNA.pdf (Wood &amp; Lore; Bryozoan Studies, 2004)
http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/42/3/685 (Nielsen, 2002; Integrative and Comparative Biology 42(3):685-691; doi:10.1093/icb/42.3.685 ) - agin Lophophorata on morphological grounds
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/118855324/abstract (Nielsen; 2003; Evolution &amp; Development)
http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/275/1645/1927.abstract (Helmkampf et al; 2008; Proc. R. Soc. B)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6WNH-4VJBTR9-4&amp;_user=10&amp;_rdoc=1&amp;_fmt=&amp;_orig=search&amp;_sort=d&amp;view=c&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=8ccac860d634ce3e8390fdc7c34d0e9a (Fuchs et al; 2009; Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6WNH-4VNKGV7-1&amp;_user=10&amp;_rdoc=1&amp;_fmt=&amp;_orig=search&amp;_sort=d&amp;view=c&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=521b1f74d3a1c8affdf12572452ecc8c (Waeschenbach; July 2009!; Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution)
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/118596313/abstract?CRETRY=1&amp;SRETRY=0 (Okuyama et al;2006; Zoologica Scripta)
http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/diss/servlets/MCRFileNodeServlet/FUDISS_derivate_000000004076/07_chapter7.pdf?hosts= looks like a ch of a book, poss conf proceedingsl latest cited works are 2007 - useful if can pin down.
http://www-fourier.ujf-grenoble.fr/~dpiau/cdem/130124b.pdf (Halanych; 2004; Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst.) - good on hist of theories
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&amp;_udi=B6WNH-4PN05PJ-4&amp;_user=10&amp;_rdoc=1&amp;_fmt=&amp;_orig=search&amp;_sort=d&amp;view=c&amp;_acct=C000050221&amp;_version=1&amp;_urlVersion=0&amp;_userid=10&amp;md5=1e56b8f48b24e4569891ae2bbf85f5ac (Helmkampf et al; 2008; Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution)
http://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&amp;lr=&amp;id=4-jlUfCMlQkC&amp;oi=fnd&amp;pg=PA93&amp;dq=ectoprocta+bryozoa+phylogeny&amp;ots=hmB2G5OXR0&amp;sig=C7IK3Vf0vEUJdx5snK-Qb26nmzM#PPA93,M1 (ch "Deconstructing bryozoans ..", pp 93ff; Dewel et al; 2002) - nice statement of phylo problems; "highly derived"
http://www.biolbull.org/cgi/content/abstract/190/1/1 (Halanych; 2006; The Biological Bulletin) - Pterobranch's "lophophores" aren't
http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/46/4/544 (Vallès &amp; Boore; 2006; Integrative and Comparative Biology, Volume 46, Number 4, pp. 544-557) - good descr of phylo history --Philcha (talk) 10:30, 13 August 2009 (UTC)
Images
http://library.thinkquest.org/26153/marine/bryozoa.htm the best I saw in Google images
http://www.earthlife.net/inverts/bryozoa.html --Philcha (talk) 21:30, 29 July 2009 (UTC)</turn_topictext>
<turn_text>http://icb.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/46/4/544 (Vallès &amp; Boore; 2006; Integrative and Comparative Biology, Volume 46, Number 4, pp. 544-557) - good descr of phylo history </turn_text>