% Use this file for citations not found in the ACL Anthology (contained in "anthology.bib").

@Article{MannThompson1988,
  title                    = {Rhetorical {S}tructure {T}heory: Toward a Functional Theory of Text Organization},
  author                   = {William C. Mann and Sandra A. Thompson},
  journal                  = {Text},
  year                     = {1988},
  number                   = {3},
  pages                    = {243--281},
  volume                   = {8}
}

@Book{AsherLascarides2003,
  author    = {Nicholas Asher and Alex Lascarides},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
  title     = {Logics of Conversation},
  year      = {2003},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  series    = {Studies in Natural Language Processing}
}

@article{prasad-etal-2014-reflections,
    title = "Reflections on the {P}enn {D}iscourse {T}ree{B}ank, Comparable Corpora, and Complementary Annotation",
    author = "Prasad, Rashmi  and
      Webber, Bonnie  and
      Joshi, Aravind",
    journal = "Computational Linguistics",
    volume = "40",
    number = "4",
    month = dec,
    year = "2014",
    address = "Cambridge, MA",
    publisher = "MIT Press",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/J14-4007",
    doi = "10.1162/COLI_a_00204",
    pages = "921-950",
}

@article{morey-etal-2018-dependency,
    title = "A Dependency Perspective on {RST} Discourse Parsing and Evaluation",
    author = "Morey, Mathieu  and
      Muller, Philippe  and
      Asher, Nicholas",
    journal = "Computational Linguistics",
    volume = "44",
    number = "2",
    month = jun,
    year = "2018",
    address = "Cambridge, MA",
    publisher = "MIT Press",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/J18-2001",
    doi = "10.1162/COLI_a_00314",
    pages = "197-235",
    abstract = "Computational text-level discourse analysis mostly happens within Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST), whose structures have classically been presented as constituency trees, and relies on data from the RST Discourse Treebank (RST-DT); as a result, the RST discourse parsing community has largely borrowed from the syntactic constituency parsing community. The standard evaluation procedure for RST discourse parsers is thus a simplified variant of PARSEVAL, and most RST discourse parsers use techniques that originated in syntactic constituency parsing. In this article, we isolate a number of conceptual and computational problems with the constituency hypothesis. We then examine the consequences, for the implementation and evaluation of RST discourse parsers, of adopting a dependency perspective on RST structures, a view advocated so far only by a few approaches to discourse parsing. While doing that, we show the importance of the notion of headedness of RST structures. We analyze RST discourse parsing as dependency parsing by adapting to RST a recent proposal in syntactic parsing that relies on head-ordered dependency trees, a representation isomorphic to headed constituency trees. We show how to convert the original trees from the RST corpus, RST-DT, and their binarized versions used by all existing RST parsers to head-ordered dependency trees. We also propose a way to convert existing simple dependency parser output to constituent trees. This allows us to evaluate and to compare approaches from both constituent-based and dependency-based perspectives in a unified framework, using constituency and dependency metrics. We thus propose an evaluation framework to compare extant approaches easily and uniformly, something the RST parsing community has lacked up to now. We can also compare parsers{'} predictions to each other across frameworks. This allows us to characterize families of parsing strategies across the different frameworks, in particular with respect to the notion of headedness. Our experiments provide evidence for the conceptual similarities between dependency parsers and shift-reduce constituency parsers, and confirm that dependency parsing constitutes a viable approach to RST discourse parsing.",
}

@inproceedings{guibon-etal-2020-collaborative,
    title = "When Collaborative Treebank Curation Meets Graph Grammars",
    author = {Guibon, Ga{\"e}l  and
      Courtin, Marine  and
      Gerdes, Kim  and
      Guillaume, Bruno},
    editor = "Calzolari, Nicoletta  and
      B{\'e}chet, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric  and
      Blache, Philippe  and
      Choukri, Khalid  and
      Cieri, Christopher  and
      Declerck, Thierry  and
      Goggi, Sara  and
      Isahara, Hitoshi  and
      Maegaard, Bente  and
      Mariani, Joseph  and
      Mazo, H{\'e}l{\`e}ne  and
      Moreno, Asuncion  and
      Odijk, Jan  and
      Piperidis, Stelios",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Twelfth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference",
    month = may,
    year = "2020",
    address = "Marseille, France",
    publisher = "European Language Resources Association",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2020.lrec-1.651/",
    pages = "5291--5300",
    language = "eng",
    ISBN = "979-10-95546-34-4",
    abstract = "In this paper we present Arborator-Grew, a collaborative annotation tool for treebank development. Arborator-Grew combines the features of two preexisting tools: Arborator and Grew. Arborator is a widely used collaborative graphical online dependency treebank annotation tool. Grew is a tool for graph querying and rewriting specialized in structures needed in NLP, i.e. syntactic and semantic dependency trees and graphs. Grew also has an online version, Grew-match, where all Universal Dependencies treebanks in their classical, deep and surface-syntactic flavors can be queried. Arborator-Grew is a complete redevelopment and modernization of Arborator, replacing its own internal database storage by a new Grew API, which adds a powerful query tool to Arborator{'}s existing treebank creation and correction features. This includes complex access control for parallel expert and crowd-sourced annotation, tree comparison visualization, and various exercise modes for teaching and training of annotators. Arborator-Grew opens up new paths of collectively creating, updating, maintaining, and curating syntactic treebanks and semantic graph banks."
}

@inproceedings{amblard-etal-2022-graph,
    title = "Graph Querying for Semantic Annotations",
    author = "Amblard, Maxime  and
      Guillaume, Bruno  and
      Pavlova, Siyana  and
      Perrier, Guy",
    editor = "Bunt, Harry",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 18th Joint ACL - ISO Workshop on Interoperable Semantic Annotation within LREC2022",
    month = jun,
    year = "2022",
    address = "Marseille, France",
    publisher = "European Language Resources Association",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2022.isa-1.13/",
    pages = "95--101",
    abstract = "This paper presents how the online tool Grew-match can be used to make queries and visualise data from existing semantically annotated corpora. A dedicated syntax is available to construct simple to complex queries and execute them against a corpus. Such queries give transverse views of the annotated data, this views can help for checking the consistency of annotations in one corpus or across several corpora. Grew-match can then be seen as an error mining tool: when inconsistencies are detected, it helps finding the sentences which should be fixed. Finally, Grew-match can also be used as a side tool to assist annotation task helping to find annotations examples in existing corpora to be compare to the data to be annotated."
}

@inproceedings{braud-etal-2024-disrpt,
    title = "{DISRPT}: A Multilingual, Multi-domain, Cross-framework Benchmark for Discourse Processing",
    author = "Braud, Chlo{\'e}  and
      Zeldes, Amir  and
      Rivi{\`e}re, Laura  and
      Liu, Yang Janet  and
      Muller, Philippe  and
      Sileo, Damien  and
      Aoyama, Tatsuya",
    editor = "Calzolari, Nicoletta  and
      Kan, Min-Yen  and
      Hoste, Veronique  and
      Lenci, Alessandro  and
      Sakti, Sakriani  and
      Xue, Nianwen",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)",
    month = may,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Torino, Italia",
    publisher = "ELRA and ICCL",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.447/",
    pages = "4990--5005",
    abstract = "This paper presents DISRPT, a multilingual, multi-domain, and cross-framework benchmark dataset for discourse processing, covering the tasks of discourse unit segmentation, connective identification, and relation classification. DISRPT includes 13 languages, with data from 24 corpora covering about 4 millions tokens and around 250,000 discourse relation instances from 4 discourse frameworks: RST, SDRT, PDTB, and Discourse Dependencies. We present an overview of the data, its development across three NLP shared tasks on discourse processing carried out in the past five years, and the latest modifications and added extensions. We also carry out an evaluation of state-of-the-art multilingual systems trained on the data for each task, showing plateau performance on segmentation, but important room for improvement for connective identification and relation classification. The DISRPT benchmark employs a unified format that we make available on GitHub and HuggingFace in order to encourage future work on discourse processing across languages, domains, and frameworks."
}

@inproceedings{braud-etal-2025-disrpt,
    title = "The {DISRPT} 2025 Shared Task on Elementary Discourse Unit Segmentation, Connective Detection, and Relation Classification",
    author = "Braud, Chlo{\'e}  and
      Zeldes, Amir  and
      Li, Chuyuan  and
      Liu, Yang Janet  and
      Muller, Philippe",
    editor = "Braud, Chlo{\'e}  and
      Liu, Yang Janet  and
      Muller, Philippe  and
      Zeldes, Amir  and
      Li, Chuyuan",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 4th Shared Task on Discourse Relation Parsing and Treebanking (DISRPT 2025)",
    month = nov,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Suzhou, China",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.disrpt-1.1/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2025.disrpt-1.1",
    pages = "1--20",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-344-9",
    abstract = "In 2025, we held the fourth iteration of the DISRPT Shared Task (Discourse Relation Parsing and Treebanking) dedicated to discourse parsing across formalisms. Following the success of the 2019, 2021, and 2023 tasks on Elementary Discourse Unit Segmentation, Connective Detection, and Relation Classification, this iteration added 13 new datasets, including three new languages (Czech, Polish, Nigerian Pidgin) and two new frameworks: the ISO framework and Enhanced Rhetorical Structure Theory, in addition to the previously included frameworks: RST, SDRT, DEP, and PDTB. In this paper, we review the data included in DISRPT 2025, which covers 39 datasets across 16 languages, survey and compare submitted systems, and report on system performance on each task for both treebanked and plain-tokenized versions of the data. The best systems obtain a mean accuracy of 71.19{\%} for relation classification, a mean F1 of 91.57 (Treebanked Track) and 87.38 (Plain Track) for segmentation, and a mean F1 of 81.53 (Treebanked Track) and 79.92 (Plain Track) for connective identification. The data and trained models of several participants can be found at https://huggingface.co/multilingual-discourse-hub."
}

@article{de-marneffe-etal-2021-universal,
    title = "{U}niversal {D}ependencies",
    author = "de Marneffe, Marie-Catherine  and
      Manning, Christopher D.  and
      Nivre, Joakim  and
      Zeman, Daniel",
    journal = "Computational Linguistics",
    volume = "47",
    number = "2",
    month = jun,
    year = "2021",
    address = "Cambridge, MA",
    publisher = "MIT Press",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2021.cl-2.11/",
    doi = "10.1162/coli_a_00402",
    pages = "255--308",
    abstract = "Universal dependencies (UD) is a framework for morphosyntactic annotation of human language, which to date has been used to create treebanks for more than 100 languages. In this article, we outline the linguistic theory of the UD framework, which draws on a long tradition of typologically oriented grammatical theories. Grammatical relations between words are centrally used to explain how predicate{--}argument structures are encoded morphosyntactically in different languages while morphological features and part-of-speech classes give the properties of words. We argue that this theory is a good basis for crosslinguistically consistent annotation of typologically diverse languages in a way that supports computational natural language understanding as well as broader linguistic studies."
}

@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/ranlp/CunhaMSCRB11,
  author       = {Iria da Cunha and
                  Juan{-}Manuel Torres{-}Moreno and
                  Gerardo Sierra and
                  Luis Adri{\'{a}}n Cabrera{-}Diego and
                  Brenda Gabriela Castro Rol{\'{o}}n and
                  Juan Miguel Rolland Bartilotti},
  editor       = {Galia Angelova and
                  Kalina Bontcheva and
                  Ruslan Mitkov and
                  Nicolas Nicolov},
  title        = {The {RST} Spanish Treebank On-line Interface},
  booktitle    = {Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing, {RANLP} 2011, 12-14
                  September, 2011, Hissar, Bulgaria},
  pages        = {698--703},
  publisher    = {{RANLP} 2011 Organising Committee},
  year         = {2011},
  url          = {https://aclanthology.org/R11-1101/},
  timestamp    = {Fri, 06 Aug 2021 00:39:59 +0200},
  biburl       = {https://dblp.org/rec/conf/ranlp/CunhaMSCRB11.bib},
  bibsource    = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
}

@inproceedings{iruskieta2013rstbasque,
  author = {Iruskieta, Mikel and
            Aranzabe, Mar{\'i}a Jes{\'u}s and
            Diaz de Ilarraza, Arantza and
            Gonzalez-Dios, Itziar and
            Lersundi, Mikel and
            Lopez de Lacalle, Oier},
  title = {The {RST} {Basque TreeBank}: {An} Online Search Interface to Check Rhetorical Relations},
  booktitle = {Anais do IV Workshop ``A RST e os Estudos do Texto''},
  pages = {40--49},
  address = {Fortaleza, CE, Brasil},
  month = oct,
  year = {2013},
  note = {21--23 October 2013},
  publisher = {Sociedade Brasileira de Computa{\c{c}}{\~a}o}
}

@Article{KrauseZeldes2016,
  author    = {Thomas Krause and Amir Zeldes},
  title     = {{ANNIS3}: {A} New Architecture for Generic Corpus Query and Visualization},
  journal   = {Digital Scholarship in the Humanities},
  year      = {2016},
  volume    = {31},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {118--139},
  abstract  = {This article is concerned with the data structures, properties of query languages, and visualization facilities required for the generic representation of richly annotated, heterogeneous linguistic corpora. We propose that above and beyond a general graph-based data model, which is becoming increasingly popular in many complex annotation formats, a well-defined concept of multiple, potentially conflicting segmentation layers must be introduced to deal with different sources and applications of corpus data flexibly. We also propose a generic solution for specialized corpus visualizations in a Web interface using annotation-triggered style sheets, which leverage the power of modern browsers and CSS for multiple and highly customizable views of primary data. We offer an implementation and evaluation of our architecture in ANNIS3, an open-source browser-based architecture for corpus search and visualization. We present three case studies to test the coverage of the system, encompassing core linguistic and digital humanities use-cases including richly annotated newspaper treebanks, multilingual diplomatic and normalized manuscript materials edited in TEI, and analysis of multimodal recordings of spoken language.}
}


@article{zeldes2017gum,
  title={The {GUM} corpus: {C}reating multilayer resources in the classroom},
  author={Zeldes, Amir},
  journal={Language Resources and Evaluation},
  volume={51},
  number={3},
  pages={581--612},
  year={2017},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@article{zeldes-etal-2025-erst,
    title = "e{RST}: A Signaled Graph Theory of Discourse Relations and Organization",
    author = "Zeldes, Amir  and
      Aoyama, Tatsuya  and
      Liu, Yang Janet  and
      Peng, Siyao  and
      Das, Debopam  and
      Gessler, Luke",
    journal = "Computational Linguistics",
    volume = "51",
    number = "1",
    month = mar,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Cambridge, MA",
    publisher = "MIT Press",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.cl-1.3/",
    doi = "10.1162/coli_a_00538",
    pages = "23--72",
    abstract = "In this article we present Enhanced Rhetorical Structure Theory (eRST), a new theoretical framework for computational discourse analysis, based on an expansion of Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST). The framework encompasses discourse relation graphs with tree-breaking, non-projective and concurrent relations, as well as implicit and explicit signals which give explainable rationales to our analyses. We survey shortcomings of RST and other existing frameworks, such as Segmented Discourse Representation Theory, the Penn Discourse Treebank, and Discourse Dependencies, and address these using constructs in the proposed theory. We provide annotation, search, and visualization tools for data, and present and evaluate a freely available corpus of English annotated according to our framework, encompassing 12 spoken and written genres with over 200K tokens. Finally, we discuss automatic parsing, evaluation metrics, and applications for data in our framework."
}

@inproceedings{gessler-etal-2019-discourse,
    title = "A Discourse Signal Annotation System for {RST} Trees",
    author = "Gessler, Luke  and
      Liu, Yang  and
      Zeldes, Amir",
    editor = "Zeldes, Amir  and
      Das, Debopam  and
      Galani, Erick Maziero  and
      Antonio, Juliano Desiderato  and
      Iruskieta, Mikel",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Workshop on Discourse Relation Parsing and Treebanking 2019",
    month = jun,
    year = "2019",
    address = "Minneapolis, MN",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/W19-2708/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W19-2708",
    pages = "56--61",
    abstract = "This paper presents a new system for open-ended discourse relation signal annotation in the framework of Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST), implemented on top of an online tool for RST annotation. We discuss existing projects annotating textual signals of discourse relations, which have so far not allowed simultaneously structuring and annotating words signaling hierarchical discourse trees, and demonstrate the design and applications of our interface by extending existing RST annotations in the freely available GUM corpus."
}

@inproceedings{ju-etal-2025-dedisco,
    title = "{D}e{D}is{C}o at the {DISRPT} 2025 Shared Task: A System for Discourse Relation Classification",
    author = "Ju, Zhuoxuan  and
      Wu, Jingni  and
      Purushothama, Abhishek  and
      Zeldes, Amir",
    editor = "Braud, Chlo{\'e}  and
      Liu, Yang Janet  and
      Muller, Philippe  and
      Zeldes, Amir  and
      Li, Chuyuan",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 4th Shared Task on Discourse Relation Parsing and Treebanking (DISRPT 2025)",
    month = nov,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Suzhou, China",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.disrpt-1.4/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2025.disrpt-1.4",
    pages = "48--62",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-344-9",
    abstract = "This paper presents DeDisCo, Georgetown University{'}s entry in the DISRPT 2025 shared task on discourse relation classification. We test two approaches, using an mt5-based encoder and a decoder based approach using the openly available Qwen model. We also experiment on training with augmented dataset for low-resource languages using matched data translated automatically from English, as well as using some additional linguistic features inspired by entries in previous editions of the Shared Task. Our system achieves a macro-accuracy score of 71.28, and we provide some interpretation and error analysis for our results."
}

@inproceedings{peng-etal-2022-gcdt,
    title = "{GCDT}: A {C}hinese {RST} Treebank for Multigenre and Multilingual Discourse Parsing",
    author = "Peng, Siyao  and
      Liu, Yang Janet  and
      Zeldes, Amir",
    editor = "He, Yulan  and
      Ji, Heng  and
      Li, Sujian  and
      Liu, Yang  and
      Chang, Chua-Hui",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2nd Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 12th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 2: Short Papers)",
    month = nov,
    year = "2022",
    address = "Online only",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2022.aacl-short.47/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2022.aacl-short.47",
    pages = "382--391",
    abstract = "A lack of large-scale human-annotated data has hampered the hierarchical discourse parsing of Chinese. In this paper, we present GCDT, the largest hierarchical discourse treebank for Mandarin Chinese in the framework of Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST). GCDT covers over 60K tokens across five genres of freely available text, using the same relation inventory as contemporary RST treebanks for English. We also report on this dataset{'}s parsing experiments, including state-of-the-art (SOTA) scores for Chinese RST parsing and RST parsing on the English GUM dataset, using cross-lingual training in Chinese and English with multilingual embeddings."
}

@inproceedings{CRPC-DB-Portuguese,
author = {Mendes, Am\'{a}lia and Lejeune, Pierre},
title = {{CRPC-DB} a Discourse Bank for {P}ortuguese},
year = {2022},
isbn = {978-3-030-98304-8},
publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98305-5_8},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-98305-5_8},
abstract = {We present a new resource for discourse studies in Portuguese, the CRPC Discourse Bank (CRPC-DB). CRPC-DB follows the Penn Discourse Treebank style of annotation. The annotation is performed on the PAROLE corpus, a free subset of the Reference Corpus of Contemporary Portuguese (CRPC) that includes news, fiction and didactic/scientific texts. The discourse bank covers explicit and implicit relations at intra and inter-sentential levels, and includes for now a total of 14,436 discourse relations. We present the main guidelines of our annotation and discuss specific cases. An experiment in inter-annotator agreement was performed and holds results of 0.88 F1-score for discourse relation identification, 0.71 Cohen’s K for the classification of discourse relation types, and 0,75 for top-level sense classification. The CRPC-DB will be distributed free of charge through the PORTULAN CLARIN infrastructure.},
booktitle = {Computational Processing of the Portuguese Language: 15th International Conference, PROPOR 2022, Fortaleza, Brazil, March 21–23, 2022, Proceedings},
pages = {79–89},
numpages = {11},
keywords = {Discourse bank, Text coherence, PDTB-style of annotation, Discourse relations},
location = {Fortaleza, Brazil}
}

@inproceedings{behzad-zeldes-2020-cross,
    title = "A Cross-Genre Ensemble Approach to Robust {R}eddit Part of Speech Tagging",
    author = "Behzad, Shabnam  and
      Zeldes, Amir",
    editor = {Barbaresi, Adrien  and
      Bildhauer, Felix  and
      Sch{\"a}fer, Roland  and
      Stemle, Egon},
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 12th Web as Corpus Workshop",
    month = may,
    year = "2020",
    address = "Marseille, France",
    publisher = "European Language Resources Association",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2020.wac-1.7/",
    pages = "50--56",
    language = "eng",
    ISBN = "979-10-95546-68-9",
    abstract = "Part of speech tagging is a fundamental NLP task often regarded as solved for high-resource languages such as English. Current state-of-the-art models have achieved high accuracy, especially on the news domain. However, when these models are applied to other corpora with different genres, and especially user-generated data from the Web, we see substantial drops in performance. In this work, we study how a state-of-the-art tagging model trained on different genres performs on Web content from unfiltered Reddit forum discussions. We report the results when training on different splits of the data, tested on Reddit. Our results show that even small amounts of in-domain data can outperform the contribution of data an order of magnitude larger coming from other Web domains. To make progress on out-of-domain tagging, we also evaluate an ensemble approach using multiple single-genre taggers as input features to a meta-classifier. We present state of the art performance on tagging Reddit data, as well as error analysis of the results of these models, and offer a typology of the most common error types among them, broken down by training corpus."
}

@inproceedings{aoyama-etal-2023-gentle,
    title = "{GENTLE}: A Genre-Diverse Multilayer Challenge Set for {E}nglish {NLP} and Linguistic Evaluation",
    author = "Aoyama, Tatsuya  and
      Behzad, Shabnam  and
      Gessler, Luke  and
      Levine, Lauren  and
      Lin, Jessica  and
      Liu, Yang Janet  and
      Peng, Siyao  and
      Zhu, Yilun  and
      Zeldes, Amir",
    editor = "Prange, Jakob  and
      Friedrich, Annemarie",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 17th Linguistic Annotation Workshop (LAW-XVII)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2023",
    address = "Toronto, Canada",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2023.law-1.17/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2023.law-1.17",
    pages = "166--178",
    abstract = "We present GENTLE, a new mixed-genre English challenge corpus totaling 17K tokens and consisting of 8 unusual text types for out-of-domain evaluation: dictionary entries, esports commentaries, legal documents, medical notes, poetry, mathematical proofs, syllabuses, and threat letters. GENTLE is manually annotated for a variety of popular NLP tasks, including syntactic dependency parsing, entity recognition, coreference resolution, and discourse parsing. We evaluate state-of-the-art NLP systems on GENTLE and find severe degradation for at least some genres in their performance on all tasks, which indicates GENTLE{'}s utility as an evaluation dataset for NLP systems."
}

@inproceedings{liu-etal-2024-gdtb,
    title = "{GDTB}: Genre Diverse Data for {E}nglish Shallow Discourse Parsing across Modalities, Text Types, and Domains",
    author = "Liu, Yang Janet  and
      Aoyama, Tatsuya  and
      Scivetti, Wesley  and
      Zhu, Yilun  and
      Behzad, Shabnam  and
      Levine, Lauren Elizabeth  and
      Lin, Jessica  and
      Tiwari, Devika  and
      Zeldes, Amir",
    editor = "Al-Onaizan, Yaser  and
      Bansal, Mohit  and
      Chen, Yun-Nung",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = nov,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Miami, Florida, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-main.684/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.684",
    pages = "12287--12303",
    abstract = "Work on shallow discourse parsing in English has focused on the Wall Street Journal corpus, the only large-scale dataset for the language in the PDTB framework. However, the data is not openly available, is restricted to the news domain, and is by now 35 years old. In this paper, we present and evaluate a new open-access, multi-genre benchmark for PDTB-style shallow discourse parsing, based on the existing UD English GUM corpus, for which discourse relation annotations in other frameworks already exist. In a series of experiments on cross-domain relation classification, we show that while our dataset is compatible with PDTB, substantial out-of-domain degradation is observed, which can be alleviated by joint training on both datasets."
}

@inproceedings{bauer-etal-2023-semgrex,
    title = "Semgrex and Ssurgeon, Searching and Manipulating Dependency Graphs",
    author = "Bauer, John  and
      Kiddon, Chlo{\'e}  and
      Yeh, Eric  and
      Shan, Alex  and
      D. Manning, Christopher",
    editor = {Dakota, Daniel  and
      Evang, Kilian  and
      K{\"u}bler, Sandra  and
      Levin, Lori},
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 21st International Workshop on Treebanks and Linguistic Theories (TLT, GURT/SyntaxFest 2023)",
    month = mar,
    year = "2023",
    address = "Washington, D.C.",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2023.tlt-1.7/",
    pages = "67--73",
    abstract = "Searching dependency graphs and manipulating them can be a time consuming and challenging task to get right. We document Semgrex, a system for searching dependency graphs, and introduce Ssurgeon, a system for manipulating the output of Semgrex. The compact language used by these systems allows for easy command line or API processing of dependencies. Additionally, integration with publicly released toolkits in Java and Python allows for searching text relations and attributes over natural text."
}

@inproceedings{tamburini-2017-semgrex,
    title = "Semgrex-Plus: a Tool for Automatic Dependency-Graph Rewriting",
    author = "Tamburini, Fabio",
    editor = "Montemagni, Simonetta  and
      Nivre, Joakim",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Dependency Linguistics (Depling 2017)",
    month = sep,
    year = "2017",
    address = "Pisa, Italy",
    publisher = {Link{\"o}ping University Electronic Press},
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/W17-6528/",
    pages = "248--254"
}

@inproceedings{german:rst:pcc,
    title = "{P}otsdam Commentary Corpus 2.0: Annotation for Discourse Research",
    author = "Stede, Manfred  and
      Neumann, Arne",
    editor = "Calzolari, Nicoletta  and
      Choukri, Khalid  and
      Declerck, Thierry  and
      Loftsson, Hrafn  and
      Maegaard, Bente  and
      Mariani, Joseph  and
      Moreno, Asuncion  and
      Odijk, Jan  and
      Piperidis, Stelios",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC}'14)",
    month = may,
    year = "2014",
    address = "Reykjavik, Iceland",
    publisher = "European Language Resources Association (ELRA)",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/L14-1468/",
    pages = "925--929",
    abstract = "We present a revised and extended version of the Potsdam Commentary Corpus, a collection of 175 German newspaper commentaries (op-ed pieces) that has been annotated with syntax trees and three layers of discourse-level information: nominal coreference,connectives and their arguments (similar to the PDTB, Prasad et al. 2008), and trees reflecting discourse structure according to Rhetorical Structure Theory (Mann/Thompson 1988). Connectives have been annotated with the help of a semi-automatic tool, Conano (Stede/Heintze 2004), which identifies most connectives and suggests arguments based on their syntactic category. The other layers have been created manually with dedicated annotation tools. The corpus is made available on the one hand as a set of original XML files produced with the annotation tools, based on identical tokenization. On the other hand, it is distributed together with the open-source linguistic database ANNIS3 (Chiarcos et al. 2008; Zeldes et al. 2009), which provides multi-layer search functionality and layer-specific visualization modules. This allows for comfortable qualitative evaluation of the correlations between annotation layers."
}


% English COVDTB
article{nishida-matsumoto-2022-domain,
    title = "Out-of-Domain Discourse Dependency Parsing via Bootstrapping: An Empirical Analysis on Its Effectiveness and Limitation",
    author = "Nishida, Noriki  and
      Matsumoto, Yuji",
    journal = "Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
    volume = "10",
    year = "2022",
    address = "Cambridge, MA",
    publisher = "MIT Press",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2022.tacl-1.8",
    doi = "10.1162/tacl_a_00451",
    pages = "127--144",
}


@article{english:rst:covdtb,
    title = "Out-of-Domain Discourse Dependency Parsing via Bootstrapping: An Empirical Analysis on Its Effectiveness and Limitation",
    author = "Nishida, Noriki  and
      Matsumoto, Yuji",
    editor = "Roark, Brian  and
      Nenkova, Ani",
    journal = "Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
    volume = "10",
    year = "2022",
    address = "Cambridge, MA",
    publisher = "MIT Press",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2022.tacl-1.8/",
    doi = "10.1162/tacl_a_00451",
    pages = "127--144",
    abstract = "Discourse parsing has been studied for decades. However, it still remains challenging to utilize discourse parsing for real-world applications because the parsing accuracy degrades significantly on out-of-domain text. In this paper, we report and discuss the effectiveness and limitations of bootstrapping methods for adapting modern BERT-based discourse dependency parsers to out-of-domain text without relying on additional human supervision. Specifically, we investigate self-training, co-training, tri-training, and asymmetric tri-training of graph-based and transition-based discourse dependency parsing models, as well as confidence measures and sample selection criteria in two adaptation scenarios: monologue adaptation between scientific disciplines and dialogue genre adaptation. We also release COVID-19 Discourse Dependency Treebank (COVID19-DTB), a new manually annotated resource for discourse dependency parsing of biomedical paper abstracts. The experimental results show that bootstrapping is significantly and consistently effective for unsupervised domain adaptation of discourse dependency parsing, but the low coverage of accurately predicted pseudo labels is a bottleneck for further improvement. We show that active learning can mitigate this limitation."
}

@inproceedings{english:dep:scidtb,
    title = "{S}ci{DTB}: Discourse Dependency {T}ree{B}ank for Scientific Abstracts",
    author = "Yang, An  and
      Li, Sujian",
    editor = "Gurevych, Iryna  and
      Miyao, Yusuke",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2018",
    address = "Melbourne, Australia",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/P18-2071/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/P18-2071",
    pages = "444--449",
    abstract = "Annotation corpus for discourse relations benefits NLP tasks such as machine translation and question answering. In this paper, we present SciDTB, a domain-specific discourse treebank annotated on scientific articles. Different from widely-used RST-DT and PDTB, SciDTB uses dependency trees to represent discourse structure, which is flexible and simplified to some extent but do not sacrifice structural integrity. We discuss the labeling framework, annotation workflow and some statistics about SciDTB. Furthermore, our treebank is made as a benchmark for evaluating discourse dependency parsers, on which we provide several baselines as fundamental work."
}


@InCollection{english:rst:rstdt,
  title                    = {Building a Discourse-Tagged Corpus in the Framework of Rhetorical Structure Theory},
  author                   = {Lynn Carlson and Daniel Marcu and Mary Ellen Okurowski},
  booktitle                = {Current and New Directions in Discourse and Dialogue},
  publisher                = {Kluwer},
  year                     = {2003},

  address                  = {Dordrecht},
  pages                    = {85-112},
  series                   = {Text, Speech and Language Technology 22},

  timestamp                = {2016.01.04}
}


@inproceedings{english:sdrt:stac,
    title = "Discourse Structure and Dialogue Acts in Multiparty Dialogue: the {STAC} Corpus",
    author = "Asher, Nicholas  and
      Hunter, Julie  and
      Morey, Mathieu  and
      Farah, Benamara  and
      Afantenos, Stergos",
    editor = "Calzolari, Nicoletta  and
      Choukri, Khalid  and
      Declerck, Thierry  and
      Goggi, Sara  and
      Grobelnik, Marko  and
      Maegaard, Bente  and
      Mariani, Joseph  and
      Mazo, Helene  and
      Moreno, Asuncion  and
      Odijk, Jan  and
      Piperidis, Stelios",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC}'16)",
    month = may,
    year = "2016",
    address = "Portoro{\v{z}}, Slovenia",
    publisher = "European Language Resources Association (ELRA)",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/L16-1432/",
    pages = "2721--2727",
    abstract = "This paper describes the STAC resource, a corpus of multi-party chats annotated for discourse structure in the style of SDRT (Asher and Lascarides, 2003; Lascarides and Asher, 2009). The main goal of the STAC project is to study the discourse structure of multi-party dialogues in order to understand the linguistic strategies adopted by interlocutors to achieve their conversational goals, especially when these goals are opposed. The STAC corpus is not only a rich source of data on strategic conversation, but also the first corpus that we are aware of that provides full discourse structures for multi-party dialogues. It has other remarkable features that make it an interesting resource for other topics: interleaved threads, creative language, and interactions between linguistic and extra-linguistic contexts."
}


@misc{basque:rst:ert,
  author = "Mikel Iruskieta and Mar\'{i}a Jes\'{u}s Aranzabe and Arantza Diaz de Ilarraza and Itziar Gonzalez-Dios and Mikel Lersundi and Oier Lopez de Lacalle",
  title = "The {RST} {B}asque {TreeBank}",
  year = 2012,
  publisher = "self",
  language = "basque", 
  url = "http://ixa2.si.ehu.eus/diskurtsoa/en/",
}

@misc{persian:rst:prstc,
  author       = {Sara Shahmohammadi and Hadi Veisi and Ali Darzi},
  title        = {Persian Rhetorical Structure Theory},
  year         = {2021},
  month        = jun,
  doi          = {10.48550/arXiv.2106.13833},
  eprint       = {2106.13833},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  primaryClass = {cs.CL},
  url          = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.13833}
}

@inproceedings{french:sdrt:annodis,
    title = "An empirical resource for discovering cognitive principles of discourse organisation: {T}he {ANNODIS} corpus",
    author = "Afantenos, Stergos  and
      Asher, Nicholas  and
      Benamara, Farah  and
      Bras, Myriam  and
      Fabre, C{\'e}cile  and
      Ho-dac, Mai  and
      Draoulec, Anne Le  and
      Muller, Philippe  and
      P{\'e}ry-Woodley, Marie-Paule  and
      Pr{\'e}vot, Laurent  and
      Rebeyrolles, Josette  and
      Tanguy, Ludovic  and
      Vergez-Couret, Marianne  and
      Vieu, Laure",
    editor = "Calzolari, Nicoletta  and
      Choukri, Khalid  and
      Declerck, Thierry  and
      Do{\u{g}}an, Mehmet U{\u{g}}ur  and
      Maegaard, Bente  and
      Mariani, Joseph  and
      Moreno, Asuncion  and
      Odijk, Jan  and
      Piperidis, Stelios",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC}'12)",
    month = may,
    year = "2012",
    address = "Istanbul, Turkey",
    publisher = "European Language Resources Association (ELRA)",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/L12-1498/",
    pages = "2727--2734",
    abstract = "This paper describes the ANNODIS resource, a discourse-level annotated corpus for French. The corpus combines two perspectives on discourse: a bottom-up approach and a top-down approach. The bottom-up view incrementally builds a structure from elementary discourse units, while the top-down view focuses on the selective annotation of multi-level discourse structures. The corpus is composed of texts that are diversified with respect to genre, length and type of discursive organisation. The methodology followed here involves an iterative design of annotation guidelines in order to reach satisfactory inter-annotator agreement levels. This allows us to raise a few issues relevant for the comparison of such complex objects as discourse structures. The corpus also serves as a source of empirical evidence for discourse theories. We present here two first analyses taking advantage of this new annotated corpus --one that tested hypotheses on constraints governing discourse structure, and another that studied the variations in composition and signalling of multi-level discourse structures."
}


@inproceedings{dutch:rst:nldt,
    title = "Multi-Layer Discourse Annotation of a {D}utch Text Corpus",
    author = "Redeker, Gisela  and
      Berzl{\'a}novich, Ildik{\'o}  and
      van der Vliet, Nynke  and
      Bouma, Gosse  and
      Egg, Markus",
    editor = "Calzolari, Nicoletta  and
      Choukri, Khalid  and
      Declerck, Thierry  B.
      Do{\u{g}}an, Mehmet U{\u{g}}ur  and
      Maegaard, Bente  and
      Mariani, Joseph  and
      Moreno, Asuncion  and
      Odijk, Jan  and
      Piperidis, Stelios",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC}'12)",
    month = may,
    year = "2012",
    address = "Istanbul, Turkey",
    publisher = "European Language Resources Association (ELRA)",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/L12-1528/",
    pages = "2820--2825",
    abstract = "We have compiled a corpus of 80 Dutch texts from expository and persuasive genres, which we annotated for rhetorical and genre-specific discourse structure, and lexical cohesion with the goal of creating a gold standard for further research. The annota{\^A}{\textlnot}tions are based on a segmentation of the text in elementary discourse units that takes into account cues from syntax and punctuation. During the labor-intensive discourse-structure annotation (RST analysis), we took great care to thoroughly reconcile the initial analyses. That process and the availability of two independent initial analyses for each text allows us to analyze our disagreements and to assess the confusability of RST relations, and thereby improve the annotation guidelines and gather evidence for the classification of these relations into larger groups. We are using this resource for corpus-based studies of discourse relations, discourse markers, cohesion, and genre differences, e.g., the question of how discourse structure and lexical cohesion interact for different genres in the overall organization of texts. We are also exploring automatic text segmentation and semi-automatic discourse annotation."
}


@inproceedings{portuguese:rst:cstn,
  author    = {Paula C. F. Cardoso and Erick G. Maziero and Maria Luc{\'\i}a R. Castro Jorge and Eloize M. R. Seno and Ariani Di Felippo and Lucia H. M. Rino and Maria das Gra{\c c}as V. Nunes and Thiago A. S. Pardo},
  title     = {{CSTNews} -- A Discourse-Annotated Corpus for Single and Multi-Document Summarization of News Texts in Brazilian Portuguese},
  booktitle = {Anais do III Workshop ``A RST e os Estudos do Texto''},
  pages     = {88--105},
  address   = {Cuiab{\'a}, MT, Brasil},
  month     = oct,
  year      = {2011},
  publisher = {Sociedade Brasileira de Computa{\c c}{\~a}o}
}


@inproceedings{russian:rst:rrt,
  author    = {Dina Pisarevskaya and Margarita Ananyeva and Maria Kobozeva and Alexander Nasedkin and Sofia Nikiforova and Irina Pavlova and Alexey Shelepov},
  title     = {Towards Building a Discourse-Annotated Corpus of Russian},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics and Intellectual Technologies ``Dialogue-2017''},
  year      = {2017},
  address   = {Moscow, Russia},
  month     = jun
}



@inproceedings{spanishchinese:rst:sctb,
    title = "The {RST} {S}panish-{C}hinese Treebank",
    author = "Cao, Shuyuan  and
      da Cunha, Iria  and
      Iruskieta, Mikel",
    editor = "Savary, Agata  and
      Ramisch, Carlos  and
      Hwang, Jena D.  and
      Schneider, Nathan  and
      Andresen, Melanie  and
      Pradhan, Sameer  and
      Petruck, Miriam R. L.",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Joint Workshop on Linguistic Annotation, Multiword Expressions and Constructions ({LAW}-{MWE}-{C}x{G}-2018)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2018",
    address = "Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/W18-4917/",
    pages = "156--166",
    abstract = "Discourse analysis is necessary for different tasks of Natural Language Processing (NLP). As two of the most spoken languages in the world, discourse analysis between Spanish and Chinese is important for NLP research. This paper aims to present the first open Spanish-Chinese parallel corpus annotated with discourse information, whose theoretical framework is based on the Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST). We have evaluated and harmonized each annotation part to obtain a high annotated-quality corpus. The corpus is already available to the public."
}

@inproceedings{chinese:dep:scidtb,
    title = "Unifying Discourse Resources with Dependency Framework",
    author = "Yi, Cheng  and
      Sujian, Li  and
      Yueyuan, Li",
    editor = "Li, Sheng  and
      Sun, Maosong  and
      Liu, Yang  and
      Wu, Hua  and
      Liu, Kang  and
      Che, Wanxiang  and
      He, Shizhu  and
      Rao, Gaoqi",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 20th Chinese National Conference on Computational Linguistics",
    month = aug,
    year = "2021",
    address = "Huhhot, China",
    publisher = "Chinese Information Processing Society of China",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2021.ccl-1.94/",
    pages = "1058--1065",
    language = "eng",
    abstract = "For text-level discourse analysis there are various discourse schemes but relatively few labeleddata because discourse research is still immature and it is labor-intensive to annotate the innerlogic of a text. In this paper we attempt to unify multiple Chinese discourse corpora under different annotation schemes with discourse dependency framework by designing semi-automatic methods to convert them into dependency structures. We also implement several benchmark dependency parsers and research on how they can leverage the unified data to improve performance.1"
}




@article{multi:pdtb:ted,
  author    = {Deniz Zeyrek and Am{\'a}lia Mendes and Yulia Grishina and Murathan Kurfal{\i} and Samuel Gibbon and Maciej Ogrodniczuk},
  title     = {TED Multilingual Discourse Bank (TED-MDB): a parallel corpus annotated in the PDTB style},
  journal   = {Language Resources and Evaluation},
  year      = {2020},
  volume    = {54},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {587--613},
  doi       = {10.1007/s10579-019-09445-9},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10579-019-09445-9},
  issn      = {1574-0218},
  abstract  = {TED-Multilingual Discourse Bank, or TED-MDB, is a multilingual resource where TED-talks are annotated at the discourse level in 6 languages (English, Polish, German, Russian, European Portuguese, and Turkish) following the aims and principles of PDTB. We explain the corpus design criteria, which has three main features: the linguistic characteristics of the languages involved, the interactive nature of TED talks—which led us to annotate Hypophora, and the decision to avoid projection. We report our annotation consistency, and post-annotation alignment experiments, and provide a cross-lingual comparison based on corpus statistics.}
}



@misc{italian:pdtb:luna,
  author = "Tonelli, Sara  and
      Riccardi, Giuseppe  and
      Prasad, Rashmi  and
      Joshi, Aravind and Stepanov, Evgeny A. and Chowdhury, Shammur Absar",
  title = "{LUNA Corpus Discourse Data Set}",
  year = 2010,
  publisher = "ELRA",
  language = "italian", 
  url = "http://universal.elra.info/product\_info.php?-cPath=37\_38\&products\_id=1832",
}



@inproceedings{turkish:pdtb:tdb,
    title = "{TDB} 1.1: Extensions on {T}urkish Discourse Bank",
    author = "Zeyrek, Deniz  and
      Kurfal{\i}, Murathan",
    editor = "Schneider, Nathan  and
      Xue, Nianwen",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 11th Linguistic Annotation Workshop",
    month = apr,
    year = "2017",
    address = "Valencia, Spain",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/W17-0809/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/W17-0809",
    pages = "76--81",
    abstract = "This paper presents the recent developments on Turkish Discourse Bank (TDB). First, the resource is summarized and an evaluation is presented. Then, TDB 1.1, i.e. enrichments on 10{\%} of the corpus are described (namely, senses for explicit discourse connectives, and new annotations for three discourse relation types - implicit relations, entity relations and alternative lexicalizations). The method of annotation is explained and the data are evaluated."
}



@misc{chinese:pdtb:cdtb,
  author = "Yuping Zhou and Jill Lu and Jennifer Zhang and Nianwen Xue",
  title = "{Chinese {D}iscourse {T}reebank 0.5}",
  year = 2014,
  publisher = "LDC",
  language = "chinese", 
  url = "https://catalog.ldc.upenn.edu/LDC2014T21",
}

@inproceedings{polakova2023crdt,
    title = "Developing a {R}hetorical {S}tructure {T}heory Treebank for {C}zech",
    author = "Pol{\'a}kov{\'a}, Lucie  and
      M{\'i}rovsk{\'y}, Ji{\v{r}}{\'i}  and
      Zik{\'a}nov{\'a}, {\v{S}}{\'a}rka  and
      Haji{\v{c}}ov{\'a}, Eva",
    editor = "Calzolari, Nicoletta  and
      Kan, Min-Yen  and
      Hoste, Veronique  and
      Lenci, Alessandro  and
      Sakti, Sakriani  and
      Xue, Nianwen",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)",
    month = may,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Torino, Italia",
    publisher = "ELRA and ICCL",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.430/",
    pages = "4802--4810",
    abstract = "We introduce the first version of the Czech RST Discourse Treebank, a collection of Czech journalistic texts manually annotated using the Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST), a global coherence model proposed by Mann and Thompson (1988). Each document in the corpus is represented as a single tree-like structure, where discourse units are interconnected through hierarchical rhetorical relations and their relative importance for the main purpose of a text is modeled by the nuclearity principle. The treebank is freely available in the LINDAT/CLARIAH-CZ repository under the Creative Commons license; for some documents, it includes two gold annotations representing divergent yet relevant interpretations. The paper outlines the annotation process, provides corpus statistics and evaluation, and discusses the issue of consistency associated with the global level of textual interpretation. In general, good agreement on the structure and labeling could be achieved on the lowest, local tree level and on the identification of the most central (nuclear) elementary discourse units. Disagreements mostly concerned segmentation and, in the structure, differences in the stepwise process of linking the largest text blocks. The project contributes to the advancement of RST research and its application to real-world text analysis challenges."
}

@article{potter2008interactional,
  author  = {Andrew Potter},
  title   = {Interactional coherence in asynchronous learning networks: A rhetorical approach},
  journal = {The Internet and Higher Education},
  volume  = {11},
  number  = {2},
  pages   = {87--97},
  year    = {2008}
}

@inproceedings{zaczynska-stede-2024-rhetorical,
    title = "Rhetorical Strategies in the {UN} Security Council: {R}hetorical {S}tructure {T}heory and Conflicts",
    author = "Zaczynska, Karolina  and
      Stede, Manfred",
    editor = "Kawahara, Tatsuya  and
      Demberg, Vera  and
      Ultes, Stefan  and
      Inoue, Koji  and
      Mehri, Shikib  and
      Howcroft, David  and
      Komatani, Kazunori",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 25th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue",
    month = sep,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Kyoto, Japan",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.sigdial-1.2/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2024.sigdial-1.2",
    pages = "15--28",
    abstract = "More and more corpora are being annotated with Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST) trees, often in a multi-layer scenario, as analyzing RST annotations in combination with other layers can lead to a deeper understanding of texts. To date, prior work on RST for the analysis of diplomatic language however, is scarce. We are interested in political speeches and investigate what rhetorical strategies diplomats use to communicate critique or deal with disputes. To this end, we present a new dataset with RST annotations of 82 diplomatic speeches aligned to existing Conflict annotations (UNSC-RST). We explore ways of using rhetorical trees to analyze an annotated multi-layer corpus, looking at both the relation distribution and the tree structure of speeches. In preliminary analyses we already see patterns that are characteristic for particular topics or countries."
}

@inproceedings{thompson-etal-2024-discourse,
    title = "Discourse Structure for the {M}inecraft Corpus",
    author = "Thompson, Kate  and
      Hunter, Julie  and
      Asher, Nicholas",
    editor = "Calzolari, Nicoletta  and
      Kan, Min-Yen  and
      Hoste, Veronique  and
      Lenci, Alessandro  and
      Sakti, Sakriani  and
      Xue, Nianwen",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)",
    month = may,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Torino, Italia",
    publisher = "ELRA and ICCL",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.444/",
    pages = "4957--4967",
    abstract = "We provide a new linguistic resource: The Minecraft Structured Dialogue Corpus (MSDC), a discourse annotated version of the Minecraft Dialogue Corpus (MDC; Narayan-Chen et al., 2019), with complete, situated discourse structures in the style of SDRT (Asher and Lascarides, 2003). Our structures feature both linguistic discourse moves and nonlinguistic actions. To show computational tractability, we train a discourse parser with a novel ``2 pass architecture'' on MSDC that gives excellent results on attachment prediction and relation labeling tasks especially long distance attachments."
}

@article{scholman2025disconaija,
  title={{DiscoNaija}: {A} discourse-annotated parallel {Nigerian Pidgin-English} corpus},
  author={Scholman, Merel CJ and Marchal, Marian and Brown, AriaRay and Demberg, Vera},
  journal={Language Resources and Evaluation},
  pages={1--37},
  year={2025},
  publisher={Springer}
}

@inproceedings{ogrodniczuk-etal-2024-polish-discourse,
    title = "{P}olish Discourse Corpus ({PDC}): Corpus Design, {ISO}-Compliant Annotation, Data Highlights, and Parser Development",
    author = "Ogrodniczuk, Maciej  and
      Tomaszewska, Aleksandra  and
      Ziembicki, Daniel  and
      {\.Z}urowski, Sebastian  and
      Tuora, Ryszard  and
      Zwierzchowska, Aleksandra",
    editor = "Calzolari, Nicoletta  and
      Kan, Min-Yen  and
      Hoste, Veronique  and
      Lenci, Alessandro  and
      Sakti, Sakriani  and
      Xue, Nianwen",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)",
    month = may,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Torino, Italia",
    publisher = "ELRA and ICCL",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.1123/",
    pages = "12829--12835",
    abstract = "This paper presents the Polish Discourse Corpus, a pioneering resource of this kind for Polish and the first corpus in Poland to employ the ISO standard for discourse relation annotation. The Polish Discourse Corpus adopts ISO 24617-8, a segment of the Language Resource Management {--} Semantic Annotation Framework (SemAF), which outlines a set of core discourse relations adaptable for diverse languages and genres. The paper overviews the corpus architecture, annotation procedures, the challenges that the annotators have encountered, as well as key statistical data concerning discourse relations and connectives in the corpus. It further discusses the initial phases of the discourse parser tailored for the ISO 24617-8 framework. Evaluations on the efficacy and potential refinement areas of the corpus annotation and parsing strategies are also presented. The final part of the paper touches upon anticipated research plans to improve discourse analysis techniques in the project and to conduct discourse studies involving multiple languages."
}
@article{PrasertsomEtAl2024,
    author = {Prasertsom, Ponrawee and Jaroonpol, Apiwat and Rutherford, Attapol T.},
    title = {The {Thai Discourse Treebank}: {A}nnotating and Classifying {T}hai Discourse Connectives},
    journal = {Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics},
    volume = {12},
    pages = {613--629},
    year = {2024},
    month = {05},
    abstract = {Discourse analysis is a highly applicable area of natural language processing. In English and other languages, resources for discourse-based tasks are widely available. Thai, however, has hitherto lacked such resources. We present the Thai Discourse Treebank, the first, large Thai corpus annotated in the style of the Penn Discourse Treebank. The resulting corpus has over 10,000 sentences and 18,000 instances of connectives in 33 different relations. We release the corpus alongside our list of 148 potentially polysemous discourse connectives with a total of 340 form-sense pairs and their classification criteria to facilitate future research. We also develop models for connective identification and classification tasks. Our best models achieve an F1 of 0.96 in the identification task and 0.46 on the sense classification task. Our results serve as benchmarks for future models for Thai discourse tasks.},
    issn = {2307-387X},
    doi = {10.1162/tacl_a_00650},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00650},
    eprint = {https://direct.mit.edu/tacl/article-pdf/doi/10.1162/tacl_a_00650/2369332/tacl_a_00650.pdf},
}




