Explaining novel senses using definition generation with open language models

Mariia Fedorova, Andrey Kutuzov, Francesco Periti, Yves Scherrer


Abstract
We apply definition generators based on open-weights large language models to the task of creating explanations of novel senses, taking target word usages as an input. To this end, we employ the datasets from the AXOLOTL’24 shared task on explainable semantic change modeling, which features Finnish, Russian and German languages. We fine-tune and provide publicly the open-source models performing higher than the best submissions of the aforementioned shared task, which employed closed proprietary LLMs. In addition, we find that encoder-decoder definition generators perform on par with their decoder-only counterparts.
Anthology ID:
2025.findings-emnlp.1214
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2025
Month:
November
Year:
2025
Address:
Suzhou, China
Editors:
Christos Christodoulopoulos, Tanmoy Chakraborty, Carolyn Rose, Violet Peng
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
22294–22302
Language:
URL:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/author-page-yu-wang-polytechnic/2025.findings-emnlp.1214/
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2025.findings-emnlp.1214
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Mariia Fedorova, Andrey Kutuzov, Francesco Periti, and Yves Scherrer. 2025. Explaining novel senses using definition generation with open language models. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2025, pages 22294–22302, Suzhou, China. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Explaining novel senses using definition generation with open language models (Fedorova et al., Findings 2025)
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PDF:
https://preview.aclanthology.org/author-page-yu-wang-polytechnic/2025.findings-emnlp.1214.pdf
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