“In the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), Large-scale Language Models (LLMs) havedemonstrated exceptional capabilities across a variety of tasks, including question answering,classification, and particularly, natural language understanding. The integration of neural ma-chine translation with LLMs presents significant potential, transforming the paradigms of cross-lingual communication and information exchange. This study investigates the foundational as-pects of LLMs’ translation abilities and identifies effective training methodologies to equip themwith multilingual capacities. We specifically explore the optimal timing for introducing trans-lation capabilities to LLMs via supervised tasks, considering the inherent bilingual nature ofmachine translation. Key questions explored include whether it is more beneficial to integratemultiple languages during the pre-training or supervised fine-tuning (SFT) stages, how varia-tions in language ratios influence LLMs’ translation abilities, and whether longer or shorter textsare more effective for training these models. This research conducts a thorough investigationby training multiple LLMs from scratch with parameter scales in the billions and enhances therobustness of our findings by upgrading the language capabilities of pre-trained open-sourcemodels with parameter scales reaching tens of billions. The aim is to provide a detailed analysisthat elucidates the complexities of augmenting machine translation capabilities within LLMs.”

“层次结构极限多标签文本分类是自然语言处理研究领域中一个重要而又具有挑战性的课题。该任务类别标签数量巨大且自成体系,标签与标签之间还具有不同层级间的依赖关系或同层次间的相关性,这些特性进一步增加了任务难度。该文提出将层次结构极限多标签文本分类任务视为序列转换问题,将输出标签视为序列,从而可以直接从数十万标签中生成与文本相关的类别标签。通过软约束机制和词表复合映射在解码过程中利用标签之间的层次结构与相关信息。实验结果表明,该文提出的方法与基线模型相比取得了有意义的性能提升。进一步分析表明,该方法不仅可以捕获利用不同层级标签之间的上下位关系,还对极限多标签体系自身携带的噪声具有一定容错能力。”