Anna Kołos
Also published as: Anna Kolos
2025
Behind Closed Words: Creating and Investigating the forePLay Annotated Dataset for Polish Erotic Discourse
Anna Kołos
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Katarzyna Lorenc
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Emilia Wiśnios
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Agnieszka Karlińska
Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
The surge in online content has created an urgent demand for robust detection systems, especially in non-English contexts where current tools demonstrate significant limitations. We introduce forePLay, a novel Polish-language dataset for erotic content detection, comprising over 24,000 annotated sentences. The dataset features a multidimensional taxonomy that captures ambiguity, violence, and socially unacceptable behaviors. Our comprehensive evaluation demonstrates that specialized Polish language models achieve superior performance compared to multilingual alternatives, with transformer-based architectures showing particular strength in handling imbalanced categories. The dataset and accompanying analysis establish essential frameworks for developing linguistically-aware content moderation systems, while highlighting critical considerations for extending such capabilities to morphologically complex languages.
2024
BAN-PL: A Polish Dataset of Banned Harmful and Offensive Content from Wykop.pl Web Service
Anna Kolos
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Inez Okulska
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Kinga Głąbińska
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Agnieszka Karlinska
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Emilia Wisnios
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Paweł Ellerik
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Andrzej Prałat
Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-COLING 2024)
Since the Internet is flooded with hate, it is one of the main tasks for NLP experts to master automated online content moderation. However, advancements in this field require improved access to publicly available accurate and non-synthetic datasets of social media content. For the Polish language, such resources are very limited. In this paper, we address this gap by presenting a new open dataset of offensive social media content for the Polish language. The dataset comprises content from Wykop.pl, a popular online service often referred to as the Polish Reddit, reported by users and banned in the internal moderation process. It contains a total of 691,662 posts and comments, evenly divided into two categories: harmful and neutral (non-harmful). The anonymized subset of the BAN-PL dataset consisting on 24,000 pieces (12,000 for each class), along with preprocessing scripts have been made publicly available. Furthermore the paper offers valuable insights into real-life content moderation processes and delves into an analysis of linguistic features and content characteristics of the dataset. Moreover, a comprehensive anonymization procedure has been meticulously described and applied. The prevalent biases encountered in similar datasets, including post-moderation and pre-selection biases, are also discussed.
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- Agnieszka Karlińska 2
- Emilia Wiśnios 2
- Paweł Ellerik 1
- Kinga Głąbińska 1
- Katarzyna Lorenc 1
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