@inproceedings{bajaj-etal-2024-evaluating,
    title = "Evaluating Gender Bias of {LLM}s in Making Morality Judgements",
    author = "Bajaj, Divij  and
      Lei, Yuanyuan  and
      Tong, Jonathan  and
      Huang, Ruihong",
    editor = "Al-Onaizan, Yaser  and
      Bansal, Mohit  and
      Chen, Yun-Nung",
    booktitle = "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2024",
    month = nov,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Miami, Florida, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/Add-Cong-Liu-Florida-Atlantic-University-author-id/2024.findings-emnlp.928/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2024.findings-emnlp.928",
    pages = "15804--15818",
    abstract = "Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in a multitude of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. However, these models are still not immune to limitations such as social biases, especially gender bias. This work investigates whether current closed and open-source LLMs possess gender bias, especially when asked to give moral opinions. To evaluate these models, we curate and introduce a new dataset GenMO (Gender-bias in Morality Opinions) comprising parallel short stories featuring male and female characters respectively. Specifically, we test models from the GPT family (GPT-3.5-turbo, GPT-3.5-turbo-instruct, GPT-4-turbo), Llama 3 and 3.1 families (8B/70B), Mistral-7B and Claude 3 families (Sonnet and Opus). Surprisingly, despite employing safety checks, all production-standard models we tested display significant gender bias with GPT-3.5-turbo giving biased opinions in 24{\%} of the samples. Additionally, all models consistently favour female characters, with GPT showing bias in 68-85{\%} of cases and Llama 3 in around 81-85{\%} instances. Additionally, our study investigates the impact of model parameters on gender bias and explores real-world situations where LLMs reveal biases in moral decision-making."
}