@inproceedings{shi-lee-2021-tgif,
    title = "{TGIF}: Tree-Graph Integrated-Format Parser for Enhanced {UD} with Two-Stage Generic- to Individual-Language Finetuning",
    author = "Shi, Tianze  and
      Lee, Lillian",
    editor = "Oepen, Stephan  and
      Sagae, Kenji  and
      Tsarfaty, Reut  and
      Bouma, Gosse  and
      Seddah, Djam{\'e}  and
      Zeman, Daniel",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Parsing Technologies and the IWPT 2021 Shared Task on Parsing into Enhanced Universal Dependencies (IWPT 2021)",
    month = aug,
    year = "2021",
    address = "Online",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://preview.aclanthology.org/Add-Cong-Liu-Florida-Atlantic-University-author-id/2021.iwpt-1.23/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2021.iwpt-1.23",
    pages = "213--224",
    abstract = "We present our contribution to the IWPT 2021 shared task on parsing into enhanced Universal Dependencies. Our main system component is a hybrid tree-graph parser that integrates (a) predictions of spanning trees for the enhanced graphs with (b) additional graph edges not present in the spanning trees. We also adopt a finetuning strategy where we first train a language-generic parser on the concatenation of data from all available languages, and then, in a second step, finetune on each individual language separately. Additionally, we develop our own complete set of pre-processing modules relevant to the shared task, including tokenization, sentence segmentation, and multiword token expansion, based on pre-trained XLM-R models and our own pre-training of character-level language models. Our submission reaches a macro-average ELAS of 89.24 on the test set. It ranks top among all teams, with a margin of more than 2 absolute ELAS over the next best-performing submission, and best score on 16 out of 17 languages."
}